C++控制檯繪圖示頭檔案範例程式碼

2023-01-24 14:01:36

1、init(int x, int fz)
2、fill(concol color)
3、update()
4、getmousepos(pos & p)
5、gt(int x, int y)
6、HideCursor（）
7、settextcolor（concol color）
8、setbackcolor（concol color）
9、rect（int sx, int sy, int ex, int ey, concol color)
10、line（int sx, int sy, int ex, int ey, concol color)
11、dot（int x, int y, concol color)

範例程式碼

範例圖片

標頭檔案程式碼

總結

簡介

這個標頭檔案是用來在C++控制檯繪圖的，借鑑了 pygame 的一些思想，提供了一些函數用來繪圖，可以有效的避免多次繪製重複影象時屏閃等問題。

函數介紹

1、init(int x, int fz)

初始化螢幕，將螢幕大小設定為 x ，字型大小為 fz 。

2、fill(concol color)

用來將整個螢幕填充為一定的顏色。

3、update()

注意！繪畫完後的影象並不會立刻出現在控制檯上，使用這個函數來更新。

4、getmousepos(pos & p)

獲取滑鼠座標並存到 p 中

5、gt(int x, int y)

將控制檯遊標移到(x,y)的位置，x,y 從1開始

6、HideCursor（）

隱藏控制檯遊標

7、settextcolor（concol color）

設定文字顏色

8、setbackcolor（concol color）

設定背景顏色

9、rect（int sx, int sy, int ex, int ey, concol color)

以(sx, sy)為左上端點、(ex, ey)為右下端點，繪製顏色為color的矩形。

10、line（int sx, int sy, int ex, int ey, concol color)

繪製一條從(sx, sy)到(ex, ey)的線。

11、dot（int x, int y, concol color)

在(x,y)的位置畫一個點

先介紹到這裡

裡面更多的功能、函數會在以後的文章後詳細解釋。

範例程式碼

我這裡將標頭檔案命名為 Drawer.h ，如果用了別的名字儲存標頭檔案，這裡也要改過來。

功能是從（1,1）到滑鼠的位置畫線。

#include "Drawer.h"
using namespace std;
 
Pos mp; // Mouse_Pos
 
void game()
{
	while(1)
	{
		getmousepos(mp); // Get Mouse Pos
		fill(black); // Let Screen be black
		line(1, 1, mp.x, mp.y, green); // from (1, 1) to (mp.x, mp.y) draw Line
		//                        ^
		//                        |
		// You can change this to red, blue, white or more
		update(); // Update Screen
	}
}
 
int main(){
    system("mode con cols=102 lines=52");
    init(50, 16);// 50x50 Screen and font size is 16
	game();
}

範例圖片

截圖截不到滑鼠。。。

標頭檔案程式碼

#include <windows.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cmath>
#include <ctime>
#ifndef KEY_DOWN
#define KEY_DOWN(VK_NONAME) ((GetAsyncKeyState(VK_NONAME) & 0x8000) ? 1:0)
#endif
#define clean 0x2
#define box 0x4
#define full 0x1
using namespace std;
 
enum concol {
	black = 0,
	dark_blue = 1,
	dark_green = 2,
	dark_aqua = 3, dark_cyan = 3,
	dark_red = 4,
	dark_purple = 5, dark_pink = 5, dark_magenta = 5,
	dark_yellow = 6,
	dark_white = 7,
	gray = 8,
	blue = 9,
	green = 10,
	cyan = 11,
	red = 12,
	purple = 13, pink = 13,
	yellow = 14,
	white = 15
};
 
struct pixel {
	concol color;
};
 
struct Pos {
	int x, y;
};
 
struct Pos3d
{
	int x, y, z ;
};
 
CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;
COORD _GoToPos;
HANDLE hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
HWND hwnd = GetForegroundWindow();
int backcol, textcol;
pixel _LastScreen[1000][1000];
pixel _NewScreen[1000][1000];
int _ScreenSideLength;
int Py3dx = 0, Py3dy = 0 ;
int xzlen = 2, yzlen = 1 ;
int fontsize = 16;
 
inline void getmousepos(Pos &p) {
	POINT pt;
	GetCursorPos(&pt);
	ScreenToClient(hwnd, &pt);
	p.y = (pt.y / fontsize + 0.5);
	p.x = (pt.x / fontsize + 0.5);
}
 
inline void gt(short x, short y) {
	--x;
	--y;
	_GoToPos = {x * xzlen, y * yzlen};
	SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOut, _GoToPos);
}
 
inline void HideCursor()
{
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &CursorInfo);
	CursorInfo.bVisible = false;
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &CursorInfo);	
}
 
inline void settextcolor(concol textcolor) {
	textcol = textcolor;
	unsigned short wAttributes = ((unsigned int)backcol << 4) | (unsigned int)textcol;
	SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut, wAttributes);
}
 
inline void setbackcolor(concol backcolor) {
	hOut = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	backcol = backcolor;
	unsigned short wAttributes = ((unsigned int)backcol << 4) | (unsigned int)textcol;
	SetConsoleTextAttribute(hOut, wAttributes);
}
 
struct Button {
	Pos mp;
	const char* name;
	int len, qx, px, py;
	void rename(const char* ne) {
		name = ne;
		len = strlen(ne);
	}
	
	void setpos(int x, int y) {
		py = y;
		qx = (x - len / 2);
		px = (x + len / 2);
		gt(qx, y);
		printf(name);
	}
	bool check() {
		
		getmousepos(mp);
		if (mp.x <= px and mp.x >= qx and mp.y <= py and mp.y >= py - 2) {
			gt(qx - 2, py);
			printf(">>");
			gt(px, py);
			printf("<<");
			if (KEY_DOWN(MOUSE_MOVED)) return true;
		} else {
			gt(qx - 2, py);
			printf("  ");
			gt(px, py);
			printf("  ");
		}
		return false;
	}
};
 
 
inline void init(int x, int fz) {
	fontsize = fz;
	GetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &CursorInfo);
	CursorInfo.bVisible = false;
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOut, &CursorInfo);
	_ScreenSideLength = x;
}
 
inline void update() {
	for (int i = 1; i <= _ScreenSideLength ; ++i) {
		for (int j = 1; j <= _ScreenSideLength ; ++j) {
			if (_LastScreen[j][i].color != _NewScreen[j][i].color) {
				gt(j, i);
				setbackcolor(_NewScreen[j][i].color);
				for(int i=1;i<=yzlen;++i)
				{
					for(int j=1;j<=xzlen;++j)
						putchar(' ');
					puts("n");
				}		
				_LastScreen[j][i] = _NewScreen[j][i];
			}
		}
	}
}
 
void fill(concol color) {
	for (int i = 1; i <= _ScreenSideLength; ++i) {
		for (int j = 1; j <= _ScreenSideLength; ++j) {
			if (_NewScreen[j][i].color != color) {
				_NewScreen[j][i].color = color;
			}
 
		}
	}
}
 
void rect(int sx, int sy, int ex, int ey, concol color) {
	if (ey < sy) swap(ey, sy);
	if (ex < sx) swap(ex, sx);
	for (int i = sy; i <= ey; ++i) {
		for (int j = sx; j <= ex; ++j) {
			_NewScreen[j][i].color = color;
		}
	}
}
 
void ChangePy(int x, int y)
{
	Py3dx = x;
	Py3dy = y;
}
 
inline void dot(int x, int y, concol color) {
	_NewScreen[x][y].color = color;
}
 
inline void line(int sx, int sy, int ex, int ey, concol color)
{
	int xlen = ex - sx ;
	int ylen = ey - sy ;
	int len = sqrt(pow(xlen, 2) + pow(ylen, 2)) ;
	for(double i=0; i<=len; i += 1)
	{
		int x = xlen * i / len ;
		int y = ylen * i / len ;
		_NewScreen[x + sx][y + sy].color = color ;
	}
}
 
inline Pos pos3t2(Pos3d pos)
{
	if(pos.z == 0)
	{
		return Pos {pos.x, pos.y} ;
	}
	return Pos{pos.x / (log10(pos.z)) + Py3dx, pos.y / (log10(pos.z)) + Py3dy} ;
}
 
inline void line3d(Pos3d a, Pos3d b, concol color)
{
	Pos a2 = pos3t2(a);
	Pos b2 = pos3t2(b);
//	line(a2.x, b2.y, a2.y, b2.x, color);
	line(a2.x, a2.y, b2.x, b2.y, color);
}
 
inline int dis3d(Pos3d a, Pos3d b)
{
	int x = abs(a.x - b.x);
	int y = abs(a.y - b.y);
	int z = abs(a.z - b.z);
	return sqrt(pow(x, 2) + pow(y, 2) + pow(z, 2)) ;
}
 
/*
Q------W
     /
  A--S
*/
inline void rect3d(Pos3d q, Pos3d w, Pos3d a, Pos3d s, concol color)
{
	int qlen = dis3d(q, a);
	int plen = dis3d(w, s);
	int len = max(qlen, plen);
	for(double i=1;i<=len; i+=0.1)
	{
		Pos3d qpos = Pos3d {abs(q.x-a.x)*i/len + q.x, abs(q.y-a.y)*i/len + q.y, abs(q.z-a.z)*i/len + q.z} ;
		Pos3d ppos = Pos3d {abs(w.x-s.x)*i/len + w.x, abs(w.y-s.y)*i/len + w.y, abs(w.z-s.z)*i/len + w.z} ;
		line3d(qpos, ppos, color);
	}
}
 
struct cube
{
	
	Pos3d pos ;
	int xlen, ylen, zlen ;
	
	void init(int xp, int yp, int zp, int xl, int yl, int zl)
	{
		pos = Pos3d {xp - Py3dx, yp - Py3dy, zp};
		xlen = xl;
		ylen = yl;
		zlen = zl;
	}
	
	inline Pos3d getdotpos(int doti)
	{
		switch(doti)
		{
			case 8: return Pos3d {pos.x + xlen, pos.y + ylen, pos.z + zlen} ;
			case 7: return Pos3d {pos.x, pos.y + ylen, pos.z + zlen} ;
			case 6: return Pos3d {pos.x + xlen, pos.y, pos.z + zlen} ;
			case 4: return Pos3d {pos.x + xlen, pos.y + ylen, pos.z} ;
			case 5: return Pos3d {pos.x, pos.y, pos.z + zlen} ;
			case 3: return Pos3d {pos.x, pos.y + ylen, pos.z} ;
			case 2: return Pos3d {pos.x + xlen, pos.y, pos.z} ;
			case 1: return Pos3d {pos.x, pos.y, pos.z} ;
		}
		return {0, 0, 0}; //Else
	}
	/*
	    5----------6
	   /|         /|
	  / |        / |
	 /  |       /  |
	1----------2   |
	|   7------|---8
ylen|  /       |  /
	| /        | /zlen
	|/  xlen   |/
	3----------4
	^
	|
	O
	*/	
	inline void draw(concol color, int mode)
	{
		if(mode & full)
		{
		rect3d(getdotpos(5), getdotpos(7), getdotpos(6), getdotpos(8), green);
		rect3d(getdotpos(1), getdotpos(3), getdotpos(5), getdotpos(7), red);
		rect3d(getdotpos(5), getdotpos(1), getdotpos(6), getdotpos(2), blue);
		rect3d(getdotpos(7), getdotpos(3), getdotpos(8), getdotpos(4), pink);
		rect3d(getdotpos(2), getdotpos(4), getdotpos(6), getdotpos(8), yellow);
		rect3d(getdotpos(1), getdotpos(3), getdotpos(2), getdotpos(4), white);			
		}
		if(mode & clean)
		{
		line3d(getdotpos(1), getdotpos(2), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(1), getdotpos(3), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(1), getdotpos(5), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(2), getdotpos(6), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(2), getdotpos(4), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(3), getdotpos(4), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(3), getdotpos(7), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(4), getdotpos(8), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(5), getdotpos(6), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(5), getdotpos(7), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(6), getdotpos(8), color) ;
		line3d(getdotpos(7), getdotpos(8), color) ;
		}
		if(mode & box)
		{
			line3d(getdotpos(1), getdotpos(4), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(1), getdotpos(7), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(2), getdotpos(3), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(2), getdotpos(8), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(3), getdotpos(5), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(3), getdotpos(8), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(4), getdotpos(7), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(4), getdotpos(6), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(5), getdotpos(2), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(5), getdotpos(8), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(6), getdotpos(1), color) ;
			line3d(getdotpos(6), getdotpos(7), color) ;				
		}
	}
};