Spring整合訊息佇列RabbitMQ流程

2023-03-21 06:02:20

搭建生產者工程

建立工程

新增依賴

修改pom.xml檔案內容為如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-producer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

設定整合

建立spring-rabbitmq-producersrcmainresourcespropertiesrabbitmq.properties連線引數等組態檔；

rabbitmq.host=192.168.12.135
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=heima
rabbitmq.password=heima
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast

建立 spring-rabbitmq-producersrcmainresourcesspringspring-rabbitmq.xml 整合組態檔；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--載入組態檔-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/rabbitmq.properties"/>
    <!-- 定義rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
    <!--定義管理交換機、佇列-->
    <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
    <!--定義持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立；不繫結到交換機則繫結到預設交換機
    預設交換機型別為direct，名字為：""，路由鍵為佇列的名稱
    id:bean的名稱
    name : queue的名稱
    auto-declare 自動建立
    auto-delete 自動刪除，最後一個消費者和該佇列斷開連線後自動刪除
    duable 是否持久化
    -->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_queue" name="spring_queue" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~廣播；所有佇列都能收到訊息~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_1" name="spring_fanout_queue_1" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_fanout_queue_2" name="spring_fanout_queue_2" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定義廣播型別交換機；並繫結上述兩個佇列-->
    <rabbit:fanout-exchange id="spring_fanout_exchange" name="spring_fanout_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:fanout-exchange>
	<!--<rabbit:direct-exchange name=「aa」">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_1 key="xx"/>
            <rabbit:binding queue="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:direct-exchange>-->
    <!-- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~萬用字元；*匹配一個單詞，#匹配多個單詞 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -->
    <!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_star" name="spring_topic_queue_star" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well" name="spring_topic_queue_well" auto-declare="true"/>
    <!--定義廣播交換機中的持久化佇列，不存在則自動建立-->
    <rabbit:queue id="spring_topic_queue_well2" name="spring_topic_queue_well2" auto-declare="true"/>
    <rabbit:topic-exchange id="spring_topic_exchange" name="spring_topic_exchange" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:bindings>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="heima.*" queue="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="heima.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
            <rabbit:binding pattern="itcast.#" queue="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
        </rabbit:bindings>
    </rabbit:topic-exchange>
    <!--定義rabbitTemplate物件操作可以在程式碼中方便傳送訊息-->
    <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"/>
</beans>

傳送訊息

建立測試檔案 spring-rabbitmq-producersrctestjavacomitheimarabbitmqProducerTest.java

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring/spring-rabbitmq.xml")
public class ProducerTest {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    /**
     * 只發佇列訊息
     * 預設交換機型別為 direct
     * 交換機的名稱為空，路由鍵為佇列的名稱
     */
    @Test
    public void queueTest(){
        //路由鍵與佇列同名
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_queue", "只發佇列spring_queue的訊息。");
    }
    /**
     * 傳送廣播
     * 交換機型別為 fanout
     * 繫結到該交換機的所有佇列都能夠收到訊息
     */
    @Test
    public void fanoutTest(){
        /**
         * 引數1：交換機名稱
         * 引數2：路由鍵名（廣播設定為空）
         * 引數3：傳送的訊息內容
         */
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_fanout_exchange", "", "傳送到spring_fanout_exchange交換機的廣播訊息");
    }
    /**
     * 萬用字元
     * 交換機型別為 topic
     * 匹配路由鍵的萬用字元，*表示一個單詞，#表示多個單詞
     * 繫結到該交換機的匹配佇列能夠收到對應訊息
     */
    @Test
    public void topicTest(){
        /**
         * 引數1：交換機名稱
         * 引數2：路由鍵名
         * 引數3：傳送的訊息內容
         */
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj", "傳送到spring_topic_exchange交換機heima.bj的訊息");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj.1", "傳送到spring_topic_exchange交換機heima.bj.1的訊息");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "heima.bj.2", "傳送到spring_topic_exchange交換機heima.bj.2的訊息");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("spring_topic_exchange", "itcast.cn", "傳送到spring_topic_exchange交換機itcast.cn的訊息");
    }
}

搭建消費者工程

建立工程

新增依賴

修改pom.xml檔案內容為如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.itheima</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rabbitmq-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

設定整合

建立spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainresourcespropertiesrabbitmq.properties連線引數等組態檔；

rabbitmq.host=192.168.12.135
rabbitmq.port=5672
rabbitmq.username=heima
rabbitmq.password=heima
rabbitmq.virtual-host=/itcast

建立 spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainresourcesspringspring-rabbitmq.xml 整合組態檔；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd">
    <!--載入組態檔-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:properties/rabbitmq.properties"/>
    <!-- 定義rabbitmq connectionFactory -->
    <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbitmq.host}"
                               port="${rabbitmq.port}"
                               username="${rabbitmq.username}"
                               password="${rabbitmq.password}"
                               virtual-host="${rabbitmq.virtual-host}"/>
    <bean id="springQueueListener" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.SpringQueueListener"/>
    <bean id="fanoutListener1" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener1"/>
    <bean id="fanoutListener2" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.FanoutListener2"/>
    <bean id="topicListenerStar" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerStar"/>
    <bean id="topicListenerWell" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell"/>
    <bean id="topicListenerWell2" class="com.itheima.rabbitmq.listener.TopicListenerWell2"/>
    <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" auto-declare="true">
        <rabbit:listener ref="springQueueListener" queue-names="spring_queue"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener1" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_1"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="fanoutListener2" queue-names="spring_fanout_queue_2"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerStar" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_star"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well"/>
        <rabbit:listener ref="topicListenerWell2" queue-names="spring_topic_queue_well2"/>
    </rabbit:listener-container>
</beans>

訊息監聽器

1）佇列監聽器

建立 spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainjavacomitheimarabbitmqlistenerSpringQueueListener.java

public class SpringQueueListener implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            System.out.printf("接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，佇列名為：%s的訊息：%s n",
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
                    msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2）廣播監聽器1

建立 spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainjavacomitheimarabbitmqlistenerFanoutListener1.java

public class FanoutListener1 implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            System.out.printf("廣播監聽器1：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，佇列名為：%s的訊息：%s n",
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
                    msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

3）廣播監聽器2

建立 spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainjavacomitheimarabbitmqlistenerFanoutListener2.java

public class FanoutListener2 implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            System.out.printf("廣播監聽器2：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，佇列名為：%s的訊息：%s n",
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
                    msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

4）星號萬用字元監聽器

建立 spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainjavacomitheimarabbitmqlistenerTopicListenerStar.java

public class TopicListenerStar implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            System.out.printf("萬用字元*監聽器：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，佇列名為：%s的訊息：%s n",
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
                    msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

5）井號萬用字元監聽器

建立 spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainjavacomitheimarabbitmqlistenerTopicListenerWell.java

public class TopicListenerWell implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            System.out.printf("萬用字元#監聽器：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，佇列名為：%s的訊息：%s n",
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
                    msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

6）井號萬用字元監聽器2

建立 spring-rabbitmq-consumersrcmainjavacomitheimarabbitmqlistenerTopicListenerWell2.java

public class TopicListenerWell2 implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        try {
            String msg = new String(message.getBody(), "utf-8");
            System.out.printf("萬用字元#監聽器2：接收路由名稱為：%s，路由鍵為：%s，佇列名為：%s的訊息：%s n",
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedExchange(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getReceivedRoutingKey(),
                    message.getMessageProperties().getConsumerQueue(),
                    msg);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

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Spring整合訊息佇列RabbitMQ流程

目錄

搭建生產者工程

建立工程

新增依賴

設定整合

傳送訊息

搭建消費者工程

建立工程

新增依賴

設定整合

訊息監聽器

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