python定時任務apscheduler的詳細使用教學

pip install apscheduler

import time
from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler # 引入後臺

def my_job():
    print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))

sched = BlockingScheduler()
sched.add_job(my_job, 'interval', seconds=5)
sched.start()

# trigeers 觸發器
# job stores job 儲存
# executors 執行器
# schedulers 排程器

from pytz import utc
from sqlalchemy import func

from apscheduler.schedulers.background import BackgroundScheduler,AsyncIOScheduler
from apscheduler.jobstores.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemyJobStore
from apscheduler.executors.pool import ProcessPoolExecutor


jobstores = {
    # 可以設定多個儲存
    #'mongo': {'type': 'mongodb'}, 
    'default': SQLAlchemyJobStore(url='sqlite:///jobs.sqlite')  # SQLAlchemyJobStore指定儲存連結
}
executors = {
    'default': {'type': 'threadpool', 'max_workers': 20},     # 最大工作執行緒數20
    'processpool': ProcessPoolExecutor(max_workers=5)         # 最大工作程序數為5
}
job_defaults = {
    'coalesce': False,   # 關閉新job的合併，當job延誤或者異常原因未執行時
    'max_instances': 3   # 並行執行新job預設最大範例多少
}
scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()

# .. do something else here, maybe add jobs etc.

scheduler.configure(jobstores=jobstores, executors=executors, job_defaults=job_defaults, timezone=utc) # utc作為排程程式的時區


import os
import time

def print_time(name):
    print(f'{name} - {time.ctime()}')

def add_job(job_id, func, args, seconds):
    """新增job"""
    print(f"新增間隔執行任務job - {job_id}")
    scheduler.add_job(id=job_id, func=func, args=args, trigger='interval', seconds=seconds)

def add_coun_job(job_id, func, args, start_time):
    """新增job"""
    print(f"新增一次執行任務job - {job_id}")
    scheduler.add_job(id=job_id, func=func, args=args, trigger='date',timezone='Asia/Shanghai', run_date=start_time)
    # scheduler.add_job(func=print_time, trigger='date',timezone='Asia/Shanghai', run_date=datetime(2022, 2, 19, 17, 57, 0).astimezone(), args=['text2'])

def remove_job(job_id):
    """移除job"""
    scheduler.remove_job(job_id)
    print(f"移除job - {job_id}")

def pause_job(job_id):
    """停止job"""
    scheduler.pause_job(job_id)
    print(f"停止job - {job_id}")

def resume_job(job_id):
    """恢復job"""
    scheduler.resume_job(job_id)
    print(f"恢復job - {job_id}")

def get_jobs():
    """獲取所有job資訊,包括已停止的"""
    res = scheduler.get_jobs()
    print(f"所有job - {res}")

def print_jobs():
    print(f"詳細job資訊")
    scheduler.print_jobs()

def start():
    """啟動排程器"""
    scheduler.start()

def shutdown():
    """關閉排程器"""
    scheduler.shutdown()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    scheduler = BackgroundScheduler()
    # start()
    # print('Press Ctrl+{0} to exit n'.format('Break' if os.name == 'nt' else 'C'))
    # add_job('job_A', func=print_time, args=("A", ), seconds=1)
    # add_job('job_B', func=print_time, args=("B", ), seconds=2)
    # time.sleep(6)
    # pause_job('job_A') # 停止a
    # get_jobs()   #得到所有job
    # time.sleep(6)
    # print_jobs()
    # resume_job('job_A')
    # time.sleep(6)
    # remove_job('job_A')
    # time.sleep(6)
    from datetime import datetime
    import pytz
    start()
    
    date_temp = datetime(2022, 2, 19, 17, 30, 5)
    # scheduler.add_job(print_time, 'date', run_date=datetime.now(pytz.timezone('America/Manaus')), args=['text'])
    # scheduler.add_job(print_time, 'date',timezone='Asia/Shanghai', run_date=datetime(2022, 2, 19, 17, 57, 0).astimezone(), args=['text2'])
    add_coun_job(job_id="job_C",func=print_time,args=('一次性執行任務',),start_time=datetime(2022, 2, 19, 18, 4, 0).astimezone())
    time.sleep(130)
    try:
        shutdown()
    except RuntimeError:
        pass