find 命令全集

-a:and 必須滿足兩個條件才顯示
-o:or 只要滿足一個條件就顯示
-name：按照檔名查詢檔案
-iname：按照檔名查詢檔案(忽略大小寫)
-type：根據檔案型別進行搜尋
-perm：按照檔案許可權來查詢檔案
-user 按照檔案屬主來查詢檔案。
-group 按照檔案所屬的組來查詢檔案。
-fprint 檔名：將匹配的檔案輸出到檔案。
-newer file1 ! newer file2 查詢更改時間比檔案file1新但比檔案file2舊的檔案

-print 預設動作，將匹配的檔案輸出到標準輸出
-exec 對匹配的檔案執行該引數所給出的命令。相應命令的形式為 'command' { } ;，注意{ }和；之間的空格。
-ok 和-exec的作用相同，只不過以一種更為安全的模式來執行該引數所給出的命令，在執行每一個命令之前，都會給出提示，讓使用者來確定是否執行。
-delete 將匹配到的檔案刪除
|xargs  將匹配到的檔案刪除   |xargs rm -rf 

命令：find .

[root@host-134 ~]# find .
.
./.bash_logout
./.bash_profile
./.bashrc
./.cshrc
./.tcshrc
./anaconda-ks.cfg
./.bash_history
./.mysql_history
./zuoye
./zuoye/lnmp.sh
./zuoye/system.sh
./nginx-1.18.0
./nginx-1.18.0/auto
./nginx-1.18.0/auto/cc
./nginx-1.18.0/auto/cc/acc
./nginx-1.18.0/auto/cc/bcc

 find /home/ -name "*.txt" 

find /home -iname "*.txt"

find /home/ -name "*.txt" -o -name "*.pdf"

find /home/ -name "*.txt" -a -name "a*"

[root@localhost home]# find /home/ -type f -name "*.txt" -fprint /tmp/re.txt 
[root@localhost home]# cat /tmp/re.txt
/home/a.txt
/home/b.txt

-type 型別引數

型別引數列
f 普通檔案
l 符號連線（軟連線）
d 目錄
b 塊裝置
s 通訊端

[root@host-136 ~]# find /home/ -type f
/home/frank/.bash_logout
/home/frank/.bash_profile
/home/frank/.bashrc

[root@host-136 ~]# find /usr/bin/ -type l
/usr/bin/bashbug
/usr/bin/lastb
/usr/bin/sh
/usr/bin/geqn
/usr/bin/ex
/usr/bin/lz4cat
/usr/bin/gneqn
/usr/bin/gnroff

[root@host-136 ~]# find /usr/local/ -type d
/usr/local/
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/etc
/usr/local/games
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/libexec
/usr/local/sbin

[root@host-134 ~]# find /dev/ -type b
/dev/dm-1
/dev/dm-0
/dev/sda2
/dev/sda1
/dev/sda
/dev/sr0

[root@localhost home]# find /var/lib/ -type s
/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[root@host-136 ~]# find /usr/local/ -maxdepth 3 -type d
/usr/local/
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/etc
/usr/local/games
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib64
/usr/local/libexec
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/share
/usr/local/share/applications
/usr/local/share/info
/usr/local/share/man
/usr/local/share/man/man1
/usr/local/share/man/man1x

[root@host-136 ~]# find /usr/local/ -mindepth 2 -type f
/usr/local/sbin/mail.py

存取時間（-atime/天，-amin/分鐘）：使用者最近一次存取時間。
修改時間（-mtime/天，-mmin/分鐘）：檔案最後一次修改時間
變化時間（-ctime/天，-cmin/分鐘）：檔案資料元（例如許可權等）最後一次修改時間。

[root@host-136 ~]# stat /etc/passwd
File: ‘/etc/passwd'
Size: 950 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file
Device: fd00h/64768d    Inode: 33818061 Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root)
Context: system_u:object_r:passwd_file_t:s0
Access: 2021-01-06 09:17:36.122732027 +0800
Modify: 2021-01-06 09:17:36.114732083 +0800
Change: 2021-01-06 09:17:36.115732076 +0800
Birth: -

[root@host-136 ~]# find /etc/ -type f -atime -7
/etc/fstab
/etc/crypttab
/etc/resolv.conf
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
/etc/pki/ca-trust/ca-legacy.conf
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/java/cacerts
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/openssl/ca-bundle.trust.crt
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/tls-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/email-ca-bundle.pem
/etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem/objsign-ca-bundle.pem

[root@host-136 ~]# find /etc -type f -atime +7
/etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf
/etc/ethertypes
/etc/makedumpfile.conf.sample
/etc/postfix/access
/etc/postfix/canonical
/etc/postfix/generic
/etc/postfix/header_checks
/etc/postfix/relocated
/etc/postfix/transport
/etc/postfix/virtual

用法
find . -type f -size 檔案大小單元
檔案大小單元：

b —— 塊（512位元組）
c —— 位元組
w —— 字（2位元組）
k —— 千位元組
M —— 兆位元組
G —— 吉位元組

[root@host-136 ~]# find /etc/ -type f -size +10k
/etc/ssh/moduli
/etc/postfix/access
/etc/postfix/canonical
/etc/postfix/header_checks
/etc/postfix/main.cf
/etc/postfix/transport
/etc/postfix/virtual

[root@host-136 ~]# find /etc/ -type f -size -10k
/etc/man_db.conf
/etc/sudo-ldap.conf
/etc/sudo.conf
/etc/sudoers
/etc/e2fsck.conf
/etc/mke2fs.conf
/etc/vconsole.conf
/etc/locale.conf

[root@host-136 ~]# find /etc/ -type f -size 10k
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.systemd1.conf
/etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.conf
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/accountsd/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/acct/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/aiccu/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/alsa/hll
/etc/selinux/targeted/active/modules/100/arpwatch/hll

[root@host-136 ~]# find /var/log -type f -name "*.log" -size +10G -delete

[root@host-136 ~]# find / -type f -name "*.txt" ! -perm 644
/usr/lib/firmware/ivtv-firmware-license-end-user.txt
/usr/lib/firmware/ivtv-firmware-license-oemihvisv.txt
/usr/share/licenses/shadow-utils-4.6/gpl-2.0.txt
/usr/share/licenses/shadow-utils-4.6/shadow-bsd.txt

[root@host-136 ~]# find /home/ -type f -user frank
/home/frank/.bash_logout
/home/frank/.bash_profile
/home/frank/.bashrc

[root@host-136 ~]# find /home/ -type f -group frank
/home/frank/.bash_logout
/home/frank/.bash_profile
/home/frank/.bashrc

找出/tmp目錄下所有root的檔案，並把所有權更改為使用者frank

find /tmp/ -type f -user root -exec chown frank {} ;
使用預留位置{}來表示find到的檔名

找出家目錄下所有的.sh檔案並刪除

[root@localhost home]# find $HOME -name "*.sh" -ok rm {} ;find #HOME -name "*.sh" -exec rm {} ;
< rm ... /root/install_lnmp.sh > ? y
-ok和-exec行為一樣，不過它會給出提示，是否執行相應的操作。

查詢/home目錄下所有.txt檔案並把他們拼接到all.txt檔案中

find /home/ -type f -name "*.txt" -exec cat {} ;>all.txt

查詢/home目錄下所有.txt檔案並把他們複製到/opt/backup檔案中

find /home/ -type f -name "*.txt" -exec cp {} /opt/backup/ ;

在/var/log目錄中查詢更改時間在5日以前的檔案並刪除它們：

find /var/log -type f -mtime +5 -exec rm {} ;find /var/log -type f -mtime +5 |xargs rm -rf