如何用python獲取到照片拍攝時的詳細位置(附原始碼)

2022-12-11 14:01:26

一.引言

先看獲取到的效果

拍攝時間：2021:12:18 16:22:13
照片拍攝地址:('內蒙古自治區包頭市昆都侖區', '內蒙古自治區', '包頭市', '昆都侖區', '多米幼兒園東南360米')

我們的女朋友給我們發來一張照片我們如何獲取到她的位置呢?

用手機拍照會帶著GPS資訊，原來沒注意過這個，因此檢視下並使用程式碼獲取照片裡的GPS資訊

檢檢視片檔案屬性

1.讀取照片資訊，獲取座標

ExifRead

Python library to extract EXIF data from tiff and jpeg files.

安裝

pip install exifread

讀取GPS

import exifread
import re

def read():
    GPS = {}
    date = ''
    f = open("C:\Users\24190\Desktop\小朱學長.jpg",'rb')
    contents = exifread.process_file(f)
    for key in contents:
        if key == "GPS GPSLongitude":
            print("經度 =", contents[key],contents['GPS GPSLatitudeRef'])
        elif key =="GPS GPSLatitude":
            print("緯度 =",contents[key],contents['GPS GPSLongitudeRef'])
        #print(contents)
read()

執行

我們得到了一個簡易的gps地址

如果想要讀取全部的拍攝資訊：

# 讀取照片的GPS經緯度資訊
def find_GPS_image(pic_path):
        GPS = {}
        date = ''
        with open(pic_path, 'rb') as f:
                tags = exifread.process_file(f)
                for tag, value in tags.items():
                        # 緯度
                        if re.match('GPS GPSLatitudeRef', tag):
                                GPS['GPSLatitudeRef'] = str(value)
                        # 經度
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSLongitudeRef', tag):
                                GPS['GPSLongitudeRef'] = str(value)
                        # 海拔
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSAltitudeRef', tag):
                                GPS['GPSAltitudeRef'] = str(value)
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSLatitude', tag):
                                try:
                                        match_result = re.match('[(w*),(w*),(w.*)/(w.*)]', str(value)).groups()
                                        GPS['GPSLatitude'] = int(match_result[0]), int(match_result[1]), int(match_result[2])
                                except:
                                        deg, min, sec = [x.replace(' ', '') for x in str(value)[1:-1].split(',')]
                                        GPS['GPSLatitude'] = latitude_and_longitude_convert_to_decimal_system(deg, min, sec)
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSLongitude', tag):
                                try:
                                        match_result = re.match('[(w*),(w*),(w.*)/(w.*)]', str(value)).groups()
                                        GPS['GPSLongitude'] = int(match_result[0]), int(match_result[1]), int(match_result[2])
                                except:
                                        deg, min, sec = [x.replace(' ', '') for x in str(value)[1:-1].split(',')]
                                        GPS['GPSLongitude'] = latitude_and_longitude_convert_to_decimal_system(deg, min, sec)
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSAltitude', tag):
                                GPS['GPSAltitude'] = str(value)
                        elif re.match('.*Date.*', tag):
                                date = str(value)
        return {'GPS_information': GPS, 'date_information': date}

2.通過baidu Map的API將GPS資訊轉換成地址。

眾所周知gps和百度的經緯度會有誤差，那麼我們需要呼叫百度轉換介面，這個百度目前沒有開源。

# 通過baidu Map的API將GPS資訊轉換成地址。
def find_address_from_GPS(GPS):
        """
        使用Geocoding API把經緯度座標轉換為結構化地址。
        :param GPS:
        :return:
        """
        secret_k ey = 'XXX'
        if not GPS['GPS_information']:
                return '該照片無GPS資訊'
        lat, lng = GPS['GPS_information']['GPSLatitude'], GPS['GPS_information']['GPSLongitude']
        baidu_map_api = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder/v2/?ak={0}&callback=renderReverse&location={1},{2}s&output=json&pois=0".format(
                secret_key, lat, lng)
        response = requests.get(baidu_map_api)
        content = response.text.replace("renderReverse&&renderReverse(", "")[:-1]
        print(content)
        baidu_map_address = json.loads(content)
        formatted_address = baidu_map_address["result"]["formatted_address"]
        province = baidu_map_address["result"]["addressComponent"]["province"]
        city = baidu_map_address["result"]["addressComponent"]["city"]
        district = baidu_map_address["result"]["addressComponent"]["district"]
        location = baidu_map_address["result"]["sematic_description"]
        return formatted_address, province, city, district, location

然後在主函數輸出：

二.原始碼附上！！！

# coding=utf-8
import exifread
import re
import json
import requests
import os


# 轉換經緯度格式
def latitude_and_longitude_convert_to_decimal_system(*arg):
        """
        經緯度轉為小數, param arg:
        :return: 十進位制小數
        """
        return float(arg[0]) + ((float(arg[1]) + (float(arg[2].split('/')[0]) / float(arg[2].split('/')[-1]) / 60)) / 60)


# 讀取照片的GPS經緯度資訊
def find_GPS_image(pic_path):
        GPS = {}
        date = ''
        with open(pic_path, 'rb') as f:
                tags = exifread.process_file(f)
                for tag, value in tags.items():
                        # 緯度
                        if re.match('GPS GPSLatitudeRef', tag):
                                GPS['GPSLatitudeRef'] = str(value)
                        # 經度
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSLongitudeRef', tag):
                                GPS['GPSLongitudeRef'] = str(value)
                        # 海拔
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSAltitudeRef', tag):
                                GPS['GPSAltitudeRef'] = str(value)
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSLatitude', tag):
                                try:
                                        match_result = re.match('[(w*),(w*),(w.*)/(w.*)]', str(value)).groups()
                                        GPS['GPSLatitude'] = int(match_result[0]), int(match_result[1]), int(match_result[2])
                                except:
                                        deg, min, sec = [x.replace(' ', '') for x in str(value)[1:-1].split(',')]
                                        GPS['GPSLatitude'] = latitude_and_longitude_convert_to_decimal_system(deg, min, sec)
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSLongitude', tag):
                                try:
                                        match_result = re.match('[(w*),(w*),(w.*)/(w.*)]', str(value)).groups()
                                        GPS['GPSLongitude'] = int(match_result[0]), int(match_result[1]), int(match_result[2])
                                except:
                                        deg, min, sec = [x.replace(' ', '') for x in str(value)[1:-1].split(',')]
                                        GPS['GPSLongitude'] = latitude_and_longitude_convert_to_decimal_system(deg, min, sec)
                        elif re.match('GPS GPSAltitude', tag):
                                GPS['GPSAltitude'] = str(value)
                        elif re.match('.*Date.*', tag):
                                date = str(value)
        return {'GPS_information': GPS, 'date_information': date}


# 通過baidu Map的API將GPS資訊轉換成地址。
def find_address_from_GPS(GPS):
        """
        使用Geocoding API把經緯度座標轉換為結構化地址。
        :param GPS:
        :return:
        """
        secret_ke y = 'zbLsuDDL4CS2U0M4KezOZZbGUY9iWtVf'
        if not GPS['GPS_information']:
                return '該照片無GPS資訊'
        lat, lng = GPS['GPS_information']['GPSLatitude'], GPS['GPS_information']['GPSLongitude']
        baidu_map_api = "http://api.map.baidu.com/geocoder/v2/?ak={0}&callback=renderReverse&location={1},{2}s&output=json&pois=0".format(
                secret_key, lat, lng)
        response = requests.get(baidu_map_api)
        content = response.text.replace("renderReverse&&renderReverse(", "")[:-1]
        print(content)
        baidu_map_address = json.loads(content)
        formatted_address = baidu_map_address["result"]["formatted_address"]
        province = baidu_map_address["result"]["addressComponent"]["province"]
        city = baidu_map_address["result"]["addressComponent"]["city"]
        district = baidu_map_address["result"]["addressComponent"]["district"]
        location = baidu_map_address["result"]["sematic_description"]
        return formatted_address, province, city, district, location

if __name__ == '__main__':
        GPS_info = find_GPS_image(pic_path='小朱學長.jpg')
        address = find_address_from_GPS(GPS=GPS_info)
        print("拍攝時間：" + GPS_info.get("date_information"))
        print('照片拍攝地址:' + str(address))