Linux下使用FPM封裝製作RPM包

2020-06-16 17:18:23

關於FPM的介紹

FPM功能簡單說就是將一種型別的包轉換成另一種型別。

支援的源型別包：“dir”：將目錄打包成所需要的型別，可以用於原始碼編譯安裝的軟體包

“rpm”：對rpm進行轉換

“gem”：對rubygem包進行轉換

“Python”：將python模組打包成相應的型別

支援的目標型別包：

“rpm”：轉換為rpm包

“deb”：轉換為deb包

“solaris”：轉換為solaris包

“puppet”：轉換為puppet模組

這裡主要介紹如何將原始碼安裝的包轉換為RPM/DEB包，其他功能感興趣的可以試試。

安裝環境：

系統CentOS 6.5 64位元，預設的ruby為1.8.7版本；

封裝mysql5.6.29二進位制安裝包；

FPM安裝

FPM的安裝非常簡單，安裝FPM前需要先安裝ruby，rubygem

# FPM是Ruby模組

yum -y install ruby rubygems ruby-devel

#移除原生的Ruby倉庫，新增淘寶的Ruby倉庫:

gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove
https://rubygems.org/

#檢視系統預設的ruby源:

[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]# gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http://rubygems.org/
https://gems.ruby-china.org/

#移除原生的Ruby倉庫，新增淘寶的Ruby倉庫:

gem sources --add https://gems.ruby-china.org/ --remove https://rubygems.org/
[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]# gem sources --remove http://rubygems.org/
http://rubygems.org/ removed from sources
[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]# gem sources -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
https://gems.ruby-china.org/

#安裝Fpm軟體包

報錯如下：

[root@localhost data]# gem install fpm #時間較久，然後還報了錯
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR: Error installing fpm:
ruby-xz requires Ruby version >= 1.9.3.

#處理辦法：解除安裝系統自帶的ruby軟體包版本：

yum remove ruby -y

ruby官網下載高於1.9.3的ruby軟體包進行安裝：

#安裝編譯軟體gcc make

yum install gcc make -y

#編譯安裝三部曲：

tar zxf ruby-2.1.10.tar.gz
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/ruby2.1
make -j 4 && make install

#新增環境變數：

# cat /etc/profile.d/ruby2.1.sh
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/ruby2.1/bin

#檢視ruby版本：

[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# ruby -v
ruby 2.1.10p492 (2016-04-01 revision 54464) [x86_64-linux]

報錯如下：

[root@localhost ruby-2.1.10]# gem install fpm
-bash: /usr/bin/gem: No such file or directory

處理辦法：安裝依賴；

yum install rubygems

繼續安裝fpm報錯如下：

# gem install fpm
ERROR: While executing gem ... (Gem::Exception)
Unable to require openssl, install OpenSSL and rebuild ruby (preferred) or use non-HTTPS sources

處理辦法：安裝依賴；

# yum install openssl
#yum install rpm-build

當然看到這個報錯的時候，第一反應openssl和rpmbuild庫沒裝，yum install openssl rpm-build，發現報錯依舊，緊接看網上的文件編譯zlib，我當然沒這麼乾。

再次安裝依舊報錯，處理辦法：修改源：放棄https 使用http；

[root@localhost ~]# gem sources -a http://gems.ruby-china.org
http://gems.ruby-china.org added to sources
[root@localhost ~]# gem source --remove https://gems.ruby-china.org
https://gems.ruby-china.org removed from sources
[root@localhost ~]# gem source -l
*** CURRENT SOURCES ***
http://rubygems.org/
http://gems.ruby-china.org

#再次安裝發現就沒問題；這個安裝很耗時，時間很久。

[root@localhost bin]# gem install fpm
Fetching: archive-tar-minitar-0.5.2.gem (100%)
Successfully installed archive-tar-minitar-0.5.2
Fetching: cabin-0.9.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed cabin-0.9.0
Fetching: arr-pm-0.0.10.gem (100%)
Successfully installed arr-pm-0.0.10
Fetching: backports-3.6.8.gem (100%)
Successfully installed backports-3.6.8
Fetching: ffi-1.9.18.gem (100%)
Building native extensions. This could take a while...
Successfully installed ffi-1.9.18
Fetching: childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1
Fetching: clamp-1.0.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed clamp-1.0.1
Fetching: dotenv-2.2.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed dotenv-2.2.0
Fetching: insist-1.0.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed insist-1.0.0
Fetching: mustache-0.99.8.gem (100%)
Successfully installed mustache-0.99.8
Fetching: stud-0.0.22.gem (100%)
Successfully installed stud-0.0.22
Fetching: pleaserun-0.0.28.gem (100%)
Successfully installed pleaserun-0.0.28
Fetching: io-like-0.3.0.gem (100%)
Successfully installed io-like-0.3.0
Fetching: ruby-xz-0.2.3.gem (100%)
Successfully installed ruby-xz-0.2.3
Fetching: fpm-1.8.1.gem (100%)
Successfully installed fpm-1.8.1
Parsing documentation for archive-tar-minitar-0.5.2
Installing ri documentation for archive-tar-minitar-0.5.2
Parsing documentation for arr-pm-0.0.10
Installing ri documentation for arr-pm-0.0.10
Parsing documentation for backports-3.6.8
Installing ri documentation for backports-3.6.8
Parsing documentation for cabin-0.9.0
Installing ri documentation for cabin-0.9.0
Parsing documentation for childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1
Installing ri documentation for childprocess-0.6.3.beta.1
Parsing documentation for clamp-1.0.1
Installing ri documentation for clamp-1.0.1
Parsing documentation for dotenv-2.2.0
Installing ri documentation for dotenv-2.2.0
Parsing documentation for ffi-1.9.18
Installing ri documentation for ffi-1.9.18
Parsing documentation for fpm-1.8.1
Installing ri documentation for fpm-1.8.1
Parsing documentation for insist-1.0.0
Installing ri documentation for insist-1.0.0
Parsing documentation for io-like-0.3.0
Installing ri documentation for io-like-0.3.0
Parsing documentation for mustache-0.99.8
Installing ri documentation for mustache-0.99.8
Parsing documentation for pleaserun-0.0.28
Installing ri documentation for pleaserun-0.0.28
Parsing documentation for ruby-xz-0.2.3
Installing ri documentation for ruby-xz-0.2.3
Parsing documentation for stud-0.0.22
Installing ri documentation for stud-0.0.22
Done installing documentation for archive-tar-minitar, arr-pm, backports, cabin, childprocess, clamp, dotenv, ffi, fpm, insist, io-like, mustache, pleaserun, ruby-xz, stud after 8 seconds
15 gems installed
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

二進位制安裝乾淨的Mysql環境,二進位制安裝速度很快：

#建立mysql資料儲存目錄

mkdir /data/mysqldata

#新增mysql使用者和mysql組

groupadd -r mysql
useradd -g mysql -r -s /sbin/nologin -M -d /data/mysqldata mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysqldata

#初始化Mysql安裝Mysql：

#建立mysql啟動指令碼

cp /data/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 777 /etc/init.d/mysqld

#修改/etc/init.d/mysqld內容,內容如下:

#basedir=/data/mysql
#datadir=/data/mysqldata

#加入系統庫核系統變數

ln -sv /data/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql
echo '/data/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
ldconfig
echo 'export PATH=/data/mysql/bin/:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
source /etc/profile
service mysqld start

如圖，安裝完成stopmysql服務，開始封裝Mysql rpm包：

#開始封裝Mysql Rpm包：

[root@localhost tmp]# fpm -s dir -t rpm -v 5.6.29 -n mysql --before-install /tmp/before.sh --after-install /tmp/after.sh --after-remove /tmp/remove.sh -d 'libaio' /data/mysql/ /data/mysqldata/ /etc/init.d/mysqld
Created package {:path=>"mysql-5.6.29-1.x86_64.rpm"}

如圖：