2021-05-12 14:32:11
RedHat Linux 7安裝CentOS 7 yum源
2020-06-16 17:17:52
由於Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 的更新包只對註冊的使用者生效，所以需要自己手動更改成CentOS 的更新包，CentOS幾乎和RedHat是一樣的，所以無需擔心軟體包是否可安裝，下面是安裝步驟。
1、首先檢視redhat 7.0系統本身所安裝的那些yum 軟體包：
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -qa | grep yum
yum-utils-1.1.31-24.el7.noarch
yum-langpacks-0.4.2-3.el7.noarch
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64
yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-4.el7.noarch
PackageKit-yum-0.8.9-11.el7.x86_64
yum-3.4.3-118.el7.noarch
2、解除安裝這些軟體包；
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -e yum-3.4.3-118.el7.noarch --nodeps
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -e yum-utils-1.1.31-24.el7.noarch --nodeps
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -e yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-4.el7.noarch --nodeps
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -e yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -e yum-langpacks-0.4.2-3.el7.noarch --nodeps
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -e PackageKit-yum-0.8.9-11.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
3、保證本機電腦能上網；
[root@linuxidc ~]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (163.177.151.110) 56(84) bytes of data.
bytes from 163.177.151.110: icmp_seq=1 ttl=49 time=13.1 ms
bytes from 163.177.151.110: icmp_seq=2 ttl=49 time=6.80 ms
bytes from 163.177.151.110: icmp_seq=3 ttl=49 time=6.77 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2007ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 6.777/8.917/13.168/3.006 ms
4、進入以下網站上面檢視軟體包的版本是否升級或者找到自己系統所對應的檔案包版本更新；
網易163網路源地址：http://mirrors.163.com/
CentOS網路源地址：http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/
5、找到自己所需要的版本下載：
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
6、檢視下載完成結果；
[root@linuxidc ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
initial-setup-ks.cfg yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm yum-utils-1.1.31-40.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
7、安裝軟體包：
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -ivh yum-*
warning: yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
Python-urlgrabber >= 3.10-8 is needed by yum-3.4.3-150.el7.centos.noarch
這裡出現了一個小問題~~~：安裝的python-urlgrabber版本不符合您嘗試安裝的RPM的依賴關係，我目前沒有能力解決這個問題的辦法，
後來想了一個折中的辦法，FQ去一個國外的yum源網站下載上面這五個較低版本的安裝包，在來安裝就不會有問題了
在這裡附上連結各位可以FQ出去下載對應版本的rpm包
連結：http://rpm.pbone.net/
不報錯版本安裝包：
yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-utils-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
我把這五個rpm包下載到我的Windows電腦裡，然後用WinSCP這個軟體上傳到redhat 7 系統裡，WinSCP這個軟體的使用方法就不在這裡贅述了
8、下載好後重新安裝：
[root@linuxidc ~]# ls
yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm yum-utils-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-34.el7.noarch.rpm
[root@linuxidc ~]# rpm -ivh yum-*
warning: yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.0.1.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7 ################################# [ 20%]
2:yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-3################################# [ 40%]
3:yum-3.4.3-132.el7.centos.0.1 ################################# [ 60%]
4:yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-34.el7 ################################# [ 80%]
5:yum-utils-1.1.31-34.el7 ################################# [100%]
[root@linuxidc ~]#
這次沒有報錯了，安裝完成！！！
9、新建repo 組態檔；
[root@linuxidc ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
#CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-$7 - Base - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$7 - Updates - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$7 - Extras - 163.com
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$7&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$7 - Plus - 163.com
baseurl=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.163.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
10、清除快取：
[root@linuxidc ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Cleaning repos: base extras updates
Cleaning up everything
11、測試安裝是否正常；
[root@linuxidc ~]# yum -y install lftp
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00
(1/4): extras/x86_64/primary_db | 139 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): base/x86_64/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:00
(3/4): updates/x86_64/primary_db | 3.9 MB 00:00:01
(4/4): base/x86_64/primary_db | 5.6 MB 00:00:02
Determining fastest mirrors
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package lftp.x86_64 0:4.4.8-8.el7_3.2 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=======================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
=======================================================================================================================
Installing:
lftp x86_64 4.4.8-8.el7_3.2 updates 751 k
Transaction Summary
=======================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
~~~~~此處省略安裝輸出內容~~~~
Installed:
lftp.x86_64 0:4.4.8-8.el7_3.2
Complete!
到這裡安裝完成，以後安裝所需包，可以不用本地yum源了，直接使用網路yum源。
更多RedHat相關資訊見RedHat 專題頁面 http://www.linuxidc.com/topicnews.aspx?tid=10
本文永久更新連結地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/142444.htm
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