Linux下設定SSH無秘鑰登入

2020-06-16 17:10:43

所謂公鑰登入，就是使用者將自己的公鑰儲存在遠端主機上。登入的時候遠端主機回向使用者傳送一段隨機字串，使用者用自己的秘鑰加密後再傳送給遠端主機。遠端主機用事先儲存的公鑰進行解密，如果成功，就證明使用者是可信的，直接允許登入shell，不再要求密碼。

[Hadoop@hadoop01 ~]$ cd .ssh
[hadoop@hadoop01 .ssh]$ ls
authorized_keys id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts
[hadoop@hadoop01 .ssh]$ rm -rf ./*　　#清空資料夾
[hadoop@hadoop01 .ssh]$ ssh-keygen -t rsa　　#生成公鑰和秘鑰
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
a2:78:65:72:49:9a:71:91:aa:8f:3b:3e:a8:b3:74:87 hadoop@hadoop01.zjl.com
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
| .. |
| .. |
| ..o |
| .* . |
| .+ * S |
| ...* . |
| o.Eo. |
|+ =.o |
|++o+ |
+-----------------+
[hadoop@hadoop01 .ssh]$ ll
total 8
-rw-------. 1 hadoop hadoop 1675 Jun 19 23:41 id_rsa　　#秘鑰
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 405 Jun 19 23:41 id_rsa.pub　　#公鑰

[hadoop@hadoop01 .ssh]$ ssh-copy-id hadoop02.zjl.com　　#將公鑰傳送給遠端主機
The authenticity of host 'hadoop01.zjl.com (192.168.0.131)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is 60:10:35:2f:64:08:bf:82:e5:bc:56:8c:3d:60:18:13.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'hadoop01.zjl.com,192.168.0.131' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
hadoop@hadoop01.zjl.com's password:
Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh 'hadoop01.zjl.com'", and check in:

.ssh/authorized_keys

to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.

[hadoop@hadoop01 .ssh]$ ssh hadoop01.zjl.com　　#無密碼登入
Last login: Mon Jun 19 23:30:46 2017 from 192.168.0.1
[hadoop@hadoop02 ~]$　　#無密碼登入成功

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本文永久更新連結地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-07/145450.htm

Linux下設定SSH無秘鑰登入

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