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Openstack之用apt-get安裝KVM

2020-06-16 17:09:06

首先必須在VMware Workstation中開啟每個虛擬機器的虛擬化功能,一般來說支不支援虛擬化,取決於你的物理機的cpu是否支援,必須先在物理機的bios中開啟Intel-VT或者AMD-V選項,如果不知道cpu是否支援虛擬化,可以根據CPU型號自己查一下。

root@u-node3:/home/zxl# egrep -o "(vmx|svm)" /proc/cpuinfo
vmx
出現vmx則說明CPU為Intel系列支援intel-VT,如果是svm,則說明為AMD系列CPU,支援AMD-V虛擬化
Ubuntu自帶的source.list可能會安裝失敗,這裡安裝下載source.list,用sohu源和Ali雲源
root@u-node3:/home/zxl#vim /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise main restricted
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates main restricted
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise universe
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates universe
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise multiverse
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates multiverse
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security main restricted
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security universe
 deb http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse
 deb-src http://mirrors.sohu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security multiverse
 deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main
 deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse

root@u-node3:/home/zxl# apt-get update

可以分別安裝如下的軟體
1、安裝kvm/qemu
sudo apt-get install kvm qemu
2、安裝libvirt
sudo apt-get install libvirt-bin libvirt-dev
3、網橋管理工具
sudo apt-get install bridge-utils
4、統一建模語言
sudo apt-get install uml-utilities
5、vnc 虛擬機器檢視工具
sudo apt-get install vncviewer vnc4server

qemu-kvm 和 qemu-system 是 KVM 和 QEMU 的核心包,提供 CPU、記憶體和 IO 虛擬化功能
libvirt-bin 就是 libvirt,用於管理 KVM 等 Hypervisor
virt-manager 是 KVM 圖形化管理工具
bridge-utils 和 vlan,主要是網路虛擬化需要,KVM 網路虛擬化的實現是基於 linux-bridge 和 VLAN

Ubuntu 預設不安裝圖形介面,可以手工安裝一下
sudo apt-get install xinit
sudo apt-get install gdm
sudo apt-get install kubuntu-deskt

安裝KVM
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# apt-get install qemu-kvm ubuntu-vm-builder bridge-utils
啟用KVM核心模組
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# modprobe kvm
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# modprobe kvm_intel
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# modprobe kvm_amd
驗證有沒有載入成功kvm模組
root@u-node4:/home/zxl#  lsmod | grep kvm
kvm_intel            144426  0
kvm                  468280  1 kvm_intel


檢查kvm是否安裝成功,輸出如下則成功
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# kvm-ok
INFO: /dev/kvm exists
KVM acceleration can be used
新增root使用者進入kvm組
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# adduser root kvm

 

安裝Libvirt
1:利用原始碼編譯安裝,但首先要自己安裝各種依賴,很麻煩,不是很推薦,然後下載原始碼(http://libvirt.org/sources/)解壓,用make:make install安裝
2:利用apt-get安裝,可以安裝一系列的輔助工具,強烈建議這樣安裝


root@u-node3:/home/zxl# apt-get install libvirt-bin qemu virt-manager
安裝完成後通過如下步驟檢查是否成功
root@u-node4:/home/zxl# virsh list
 Id    Name                          State
----------------------------------------------------


root@u-node4:/home/zxl# ps -aux |grep "libvirtd"
Warning: bad ps syntax, perhaps a bogus '-'? See http://procps.sf.net/faq.html
root      3969  0.2  0.4 265044  9444 ?        Sl  09:30  0:00 /usr/sbin/libvirtd -d
root      4110  0.0  0.0  9392  932 pts/0    S+  09:31  0:00 grep --color=auto libvirtd

則表示安裝成功

管理介面
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# virt-manager
可能會報錯,No DBUS daemon Running,則採用下面的進程啟動dbus進程
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# eval `dbus-launch --auto-syntax`
root@u-node3:/home/zxl# virt-manager

則表明安裝成功(但用Xsell遠端連線好像不能開啟,沒有反應)

本文永久更新連結地址http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-08/146402.htm


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