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Linux如何檢視檔案被哪個進程寫資料

2020-06-16 16:36:56

檔案被哪個進程使用,寫資料不是用lsof可以找出來嗎,但現實情況是lsof沒找出來T_T

背景

CentOS7 在某一段時間監控報警磁碟使用率達99%,由於監控屬於概要形式資訊,沒有快照資訊的監控(能發現某進程的I/O,CPU消耗情況),所以需要在伺服器上去定時執行統計命令獲取快照資訊。
需要通過iostat -dx -k去檢視avgqu-sz、await、svctm、%util;
sar -u檢視%iowait、%user;
pidstat -d 檢視進程I/O讀寫的快照資訊

步驟

  • 生成統計資訊檔案
cat>/tmp/at_task.sh<<EOF
pidstat -d 2 >/tmp/pidstat_`date +%F_%T`.log 2>& 1 &
sar -u 2  >/tmp/sar_`date +%F_%T`.log 2>& 1 &
while [ 1 ];do echo -n `date +%T` >>/tmp/iostat_`date +%F` 2>& 1  && iostat -dx -k 1 1 >>/tmp/iostat_`date +%F` 2>& 1; sleep 2; done &
EOF

在while迴圈中使用iostat的原因是要輸出date +%T時間,不然只有資料,沒有時間資訊也沒有什麼用

  • 使用at 命令定時執行
at 15:14 today -f /tmp/at_task.sh

出現錯誤

Can't open /var/run/atd.pid to signal atd. No atd running?

重新啟動atd服務

service atd restart

重新開啟at定時任務

at 15:14 today -f /tmp/at_task.sh
job 2 at Wed Mar 13 15:14:00 2019

得到如下快照資訊
iostat

15:13:35Linux 3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64 (ip-xxxxx)     03/13/2019      _x86_64_        (4 CPU)

Device:         rrqm/s   wrqm/s     r/s     w/s    rkB/s    wkB/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz   await r_await w_await  svctm  %util
vda               0.12     0.07   17.31   19.41   580.79    90.52    36.57     0.09    2.39    4.42    0.57   0.72   2.63
scd0              0.00     0.00    0.00    0.00     0.00     0.00     6.00     0.00    0.28    0.28    0.00   0.25   0.00

sar

03:14:00 PM     CPU     %user     %nice   %system   %iowait    %steal     %idle
03:14:02 PM     all      0.25      0.00      0.38      0.00      0.00     99.37
03:14:04 PM     all      1.25      0.13      0.63      0.00      0.00     97.99
03:14:06 PM     all      0.25      0.13      0.50      0.00      0.00     99.12
03:14:08 PM     all      0.50      0.00      0.50      0.63      0.00     98.37

pidstat

03:14:00 PM   UID       PID   kB_rd/s   kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s  Command
03:14:02 PM  5700      9089      0.00      6.00      0.00  uxxx
03:14:02 PM  5700      9140      0.00      6.00      0.00  uxxx
03:14:02 PM  5700      9292      0.00     10.00      0.00  uxxx
03:14:02 PM     0     18084      0.00      2.00      0.00  bash

kill 掉收集資訊的命令

ps -ef | egrep 'iostat|sar|pidstat|while' | grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -l kill

*但ps -ef | egrep 命令沒有獲取到while迴圈的pid,不kill掉該while迴圈,就會一直對/tmp/iostat_2019-03-13寫資料-_-*

通過lsof 沒有定位到開啟檔案的進程

lsof /tmp/iostat_2019-03-13 
[root@ip-10-186-60-117 ~]# 
[root@ip-10-186-60-117 ~]#

通過lsof 可以定位到開啟mysql-error.log的進程

lsof /opt/mysql/data/5690/mysql-error.log 
COMMAND   PID                USER   FD   TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF     NODE NAME
mysqld  12858 actiontech-universe    1w   REG  253,1     6345 20083533 /opt/mysql/data/5690/mysql-error.log
mysqld  12858 actiontech-universe    2w   REG  253,1     6345 20083533 /opt/mysql/data/5690/mysql-error.log

可見,某進程只有一隻持有某檔案的inode,才可以通過lsof檢視檔案在被那些進程使用

獲取寫檔案的進程號

安裝sysemtap

yum -y install systemtap

SystemTap 是對 Linux 核心監控和跟蹤的工具
利用systemtap中的inodewatch.stp工具來查詢寫檔案的進程號

得到檔案的inode

stat -c '%i' /tmp/iostat_2019-03-13 
4210339

獲取檔案所在裝置的major,minor

ls -al /dev/vda1
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 253, 1 Jan 30 13:57 /dev/vda1

得到寫檔案的pid

stap /usr/share/systemtap/examples/io/inodewatch.stp 253 1  4210339

Checking "/lib/modules/3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64/build/.config" failed with error: No such file or directory
Incorrect version or missing kernel-devel package, use: yum install kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64

根據系統核心版本在kernel-devel rpm build for : Scientific Linux 7網站上下載相應的kernal-devel包

wget ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/ftp.scientificlinux.org/linux/scientific/7.2/x86_64/updates/security/kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh kernel-devel-3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64.rpm

再次執行stap

stap /usr/share/systemtap/examples/io/inodewatch.stp 253 1 4210339
......
Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install kernel-3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64
Pass 2: analysis failed. [man error::pass2]
Number of similar error messages suppressed: 2.

安裝debuginfo kernal

debuginfo-install kernel-3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64
  Verifying  : kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64-3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64                        1/3 
  Verifying  : yum-plugin-auto-update-debug-info-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch                           2/3 
  Verifying  : kernel-debuginfo-3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64                                      3/3 

Installed:
  kernel-debuginfo.x86_64 0:3.10.0-862.14.4.el7                                                     
  yum-plugin-auto-update-debug-info.noarch 0:1.1.31-50.el7                                          

Dependency Installed:
  kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64.x86_64 0:3.10.0-862.14.4.el7    

再次執行stap

stap /usr/share/systemtap/examples/io/inodewatch.stp 253 1  4210339
ERROR: module version mismatch (#1 SMP Tue Sep 25 14:32:52 CDT 2018 vs #1 SMP Wed Sep 26 15:12:11 UTC 2018), release 3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64
WARNING: /usr/bin/staprun exited with status: 1
新增 -v檢視詳細報錯
stap -v  /usr/share/systemtap/examples/io/inodewatch.stp 253 1  4210339
Pass 1: parsed user script and 471 library scripts using 240276virt/41896res/3368shr/38600data kb, in 300usr/20sys/320real ms.
Pass 2: analyzed script: 2 probes, 12 functions, 8 embeds, 0 globals using 399436virt/196284res/4744shr/197760data kb, in 1540usr/560sys/2106real ms.
Pass 3: using cached /root/.systemtap/cache/f5/stap_f5c0cd780e8a2cac973c9e3ee69fba0c_7030.c
Pass 4: using cached /root/.systemtap/cache/f5/stap_f5c0cd780e8a2cac973c9e3ee69fba0c_7030.ko
Pass 5: starting run.
ERROR: module version mismatch (#1 SMP Tue Sep 25 14:32:52 CDT 2018 vs #1 SMP Wed Sep 26 15:12:11 UTC 2018), release 3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64
WARNING: /usr/bin/staprun exited with status: 1
Pass 5: run completed in 0usr/10sys/38real ms.
Pass 5: run failed.  [man error::pass5]

修改

vim /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-862.14.4.el7.x86_64/include/generated/compile.h

#define UTS_VERSION "#1 SMP Tue Sep 25 14:32:52 CDT 2018"
改為
#define UTS_VERSION "#1 SMP Wed Sep 26 15:12:11 UTC 2018"

rm -rf  /root/.systemtap/cache/f5/stap_f5c0cd780e8a2cac973c9e3ee69fba0c_7030*

參考SystemTap - 安裝 https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2019-03/157818.htm

再次執行

stap /usr/share/systemtap/examples/io/inodewatch.stp 253 1 4210339

iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4671) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4677) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
iostat(4683) vfs_write 0xfd00001/4210339
............

可見已經得到了寫/tmp/iostat_date +%F 檔案的進程號,但進程號一直在列印出來,因為後台進程iostat -dx -m 的在while迴圈中的,每隔sleep 2s 後就會執行一次iostat 產生新的pid。
***那要怎樣才能讓iostat -dx -m 停止寫/tmp/iostat_date +%F 檔案了?除了重新啟動大法好 $_$***

rm -rf 也不能終止後台的while iostat進程寫檔案,刪除了檔案後,while迴圈又會生成新的檔案

rm -rf  /tmp/iostat_2019-03-1*

stat /tmp/iostat_2019-03-1*
  File: ‘/tmp/iostat_2019-03-13’
  Size: 146700      Blocks: 512        IO Block: 4096   regular file
Device: fd01h/64769d    Inode: 4210339     Links: 1
Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--)  Uid: (    0/    root)   Gid: (    0/    root)
Access: 2019-03-14 16:07:26.211888899 +0800
Modify: 2019-03-14 16:18:17.854019793 +0800
Change: 2019-03-14 16:18:17.854019793 +0800

正確做法

cat>/tmp/iostat.sh<<EOF
while [ 1 ];do echo -n `date +%T` >>/tmp/iostat_`date +%F` 2>& 1  && iostat -dx -m 1 1 >>/tmp/iostat_`date +%F` 2>& 1; sleep 2; done &
EOF

at  now + 1 minute  today
bash /tmp/iostat.sh

#這樣就能方便的獲取到進程號pid了
ps -ef | grep iostat
root      8593     1  0 16:16 pts/2    00:00:00 bash /tmp/iostat.sh

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