Pygame實戰之迷宮遊戲的實現

import random
import pygame
 
FPS = 60
ROW = 10
COL = 10
BLOCK = 20
BORDER = 20
SCREEN_WIDTH = COL * BLOCK + BORDER * 2
SCREEN_HEIGHT = ROW * BLOCK + BORDER * 2
IMPOSSIBLE_COLOR = (128, 128, 128)
POSSIBLE_COLOR = (76, 141, 174)
ROUTE_COLOR = (12, 137, 24)
 
 
# noinspection PyPep8Naming
class DrawMaze(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))    # 建立螢幕物件
        pygame.display.set_caption('{}*{} Maze'.format(ROW, COL))               # 視窗標題
        self.clock = pygame.time.Clock()
        self.color = POSSIBLE_COLOR                 # 首先設定路徑塊與可能塊的顏色相同
        self.maze = MakeMaze().create(ROW, COL)
        self.no_route = True
 
    def display(self):
        """ 在視窗中顯示迷宮，按任意鍵顯示路徑 """
        while True:
            self.screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
            for event in pygame.event.get():
                if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                    exit()
                if event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:    # 按滑鼠顯示路徑，再按取消顯示
                    if self.no_route:
                        self.color = ROUTE_COLOR
                        self.no_route = False
                    else:
                        self.color = POSSIBLE_COLOR
                        self.no_route = True
                if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:            # 按任意鍵重新生成迷宮
                    self.maze = MakeMaze().create(ROW, COL)
 
            self.drawBlock(self.color)
            self.clock.tick(FPS)
            pygame.display.update()
 
    def drawBlock(self, color):
        """ 用遍歷取出迷宮資料並在視窗中畫顏色塊 """
        for i, line in enumerate(self.maze):
            for j, value in enumerate(line):
                rect = (j * BLOCK + BORDER, i * BLOCK + BORDER, BLOCK, BLOCK)
                if value == 0:
                    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, IMPOSSIBLE_COLOR, rect, 0)
                elif value == 1:
                    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, POSSIBLE_COLOR, rect, 0)
                else:
                    pygame.draw.rect(self.screen, color, rect, 0)
 
 
# noinspection PyPep8Naming
class MakeMaze(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.route_list = []        # 初始化路線列表
 
    # noinspection PyUnusedLocal
    def create(self, x, y):
        """ 生成迷宮 """
        route_list = []  # 初始化路線列表
        while True:
            maze = [[random.choice([0, 1]) for j in range(y)] for i in range(x)]
            maze[0][0] = 1
            if self.walk(maze, 0, 0):
                return maze
 
    def walk(self, maze, x, y):
        """
        如果位置是迷宮的出口，說明成功走出迷宮
        依次向下、右、左、上進行探測，走的通就返回True，然後繼續探測，走不通就返回False
        """
        if x == len(maze) - 1 and y == len(maze[0]) - 1:
            maze[x][y] = 2                      # 將出口位置做標記
            return True
 
        if self.validPos(maze, x, y):           # 遞迴主體實現
            self.route_list.append((x, y))      # 將位置加入路線列表中
            maze[x][y] = 2                      # 做標記，防止折回
            if self.walk(maze, x + 1, y) or self.walk(maze, x, y + 1) 
                    or self.walk(maze, x, y - 1) or self.walk(maze, x - 1, y):
                return True
            else:
                maze[x][y] = 1                  # 沒走通把上一步位置標記取消，以便能夠退回
                self.route_list.pop()           # 在位置列表中刪除位置，即最後一個元素
                return False
        return False
 
    @staticmethod
    def pprint(maze):
        """ 列印迷宮 """
        [print(n) for n in maze]
 
    @staticmethod
    def validPos(maze, x, y):
        """ 判斷座標的有效性，如果超出陣列邊界或是不滿足值為1的條件，說明該點無效返回False，否則返回True """
        if len(maze) > x >= 0 and len(maze[0]) > y >= 0 and maze[x][y] == 1:
            return True
        else:
            return False
 
 
def main():
    drawer = DrawMaze()                 # 用迷宮生成畫圖物件
    drawer.display()                    # 顯示迷宮
 
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()