<em>Mac</em>Book项目 2009年学校开始实施<em>Mac</em>Book项目,所有师生配备一本<em>Mac</em>Book,并同步更新了校园无线网络。学校每周进行电脑技术更新,每月发送技术支持资料,极大改变了教学及学习方式。因此2011
2021-06-01 09:32:01
思路:先單執行緒爬蟲,測試可以成功爬取之後再優化為多執行緒,最後存入資料庫
以爬取鄭州市租房資訊為例
注意:本實戰專案僅以學習為目的,為避免給網站造成太大壓力,請將程式碼中的num修改成較小的數位,並將執行緒改小
# 用session取代requests # 解析庫使用bs4 # 並行庫使用concurrent import requests # from lxml import etree # 使用xpath解析 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from urllib import parse import re import time headers = { 'referer': 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36', 'cookie': 'global_cookie=ffzvt3kztwck05jm6twso2wjw18kl67hqft; city=zz; integratecover=1; __utma=147393320.427795962.1613371106.1613371106.1613371106.1; __utmc=147393320; __utmz=147393320.1613371106.1.1.utmcsr=zz.fang.com|utmccn=(referral)|utmcmd=referral|utmcct=/; __utmt_t0=1; __utmt_t1=1; __utmt_t2=1; ASP.NET_SessionId=aamzdnhzct4i5mx3ak4cyoyp; Rent_StatLog=23d82b94-13d6-4601-9019-ce0225c092f6; Captcha=61584F355169576F3355317957376E4F6F7552365351342B7574693561766E63785A70522F56557370586E3376585853346651565256574F37694B7074576B2B34536C5747715856516A4D3D; g_sourcepage=zf_fy%5Elb_pc; unique_cookie=U_ffzvt3kztwck05jm6twso2wjw18kl67hqft*6; __utmb=147393320.12.10.1613371106' } data={ 'agentbid':'' } session = requests.session() session.headers = headers # 獲取頁面 def getHtml(url): try: re = session.get(url) re.encoding = re.apparent_encoding return re.text except: print(re.status_code) # 獲取頁面總數量 def getNum(text): soup = BeautifulSoup(text, 'lxml') txt = soup.select('.fanye .txt')[0].text # 取出「共**頁」中間的數位 num = re.search(r'd+', txt).group(0) return num # 獲取詳細連結 def getLink(tex): soup=BeautifulSoup(text,'lxml') links=soup.select('.title a') for link in links: href=parse.urljoin('https://zz.zu.fang.com/',link['href']) hrefs.append(href) # 解析頁面 def parsePage(url): res=session.get(url) if res.status_code==200: res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'lxml') try: title=soup.select('div .title')[0].text.strip().replace(' ','') price=soup.select('div .trl-item')[0].text.strip() block=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_08')[0].text.strip() building=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_07')[0].text.strip() try: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[2].text.strip() except: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[1].text.strip() detail1=soup.select('.clearfix')[4].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail2=soup.select('.clearfix')[5].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail=detail1+detail2 name=soup.select('.zf_jjname')[0].text.strip() buserid=re.search('buserid: '(d+)'',res.text).group(1) phone=getPhone(buserid) print(title,price,block,building,address,detail,name,phone) house = (title, price, block, building, address, detail, name, phone) info.append(house) except: pass else: print(re.status_code,re.text) # 獲取代理人號碼 def getPhone(buserid): url='https://zz.zu.fang.com/RentDetails/Ajax/GetAgentVirtualMobile.aspx' data['agentbid']=buserid res=session.post(url,data=data) if res.status_code==200: return res.text else: print(res.status_code) return if __name__ == '__main__': start_time=time.time() hrefs=[] info=[] init_url = 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/' num=getNum(getHtml(init_url)) for i in range(0,num): url = f'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/i3{i+1}/' text=getHtml(url) getLink(text) print(hrefs) for href in hrefs: parsePage(href) print("共獲取%d條資料"%len(info)) print("共耗時{}".format(time.time()-start_time)) session.close()
# 用session取代requests # 解析庫使用bs4 # 並行庫使用concurrent import requests # from lxml import etree # 使用xpath解析 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor from urllib import parse import re import time headers = { 'referer': 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36', 'cookie': 'global_cookie=ffzvt3kztwck05jm6twso2wjw18kl67hqft; integratecover=1; city=zz; keyWord_recenthousezz=%5b%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e6%96%b0%e5%af%86%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a014868%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%2c%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e4%ba%8c%e4%b8%83%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a014864%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%2c%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e9%83%91%e4%b8%9c%e6%96%b0%e5%8c%ba%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a0842%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%5d; __utma=147393320.427795962.1613371106.1613558547.1613575774.5; __utmc=147393320; __utmz=147393320.1613575774.5.4.utmcsr=zz.fang.com|utmccn=(referral)|utmcmd=referral|utmcct=/; ASP.NET_SessionId=vhrhxr1tdatcc1xyoxwybuwv; g_sourcepage=zf_fy%5Elb_pc; Captcha=4937566532507336644D6557347143746B5A6A6B4A7A48445A422F2F6A51746C67516F31357446573052634562725162316152533247514250736F72775566574A2B33514357304B6976343D; __utmt_t0=1; __utmt_t1=1; __utmt_t2=1; __utmb=147393320.9.10.1613575774; unique_cookie=U_0l0d1ilf1t0ci2rozai9qi24k1pkl9lcmrs*4' } data={ 'agentbid':'' } session = requests.session() session.headers = headers # 獲取頁面 def getHtml(url): res = session.get(url) if res.status_code==200: res.encoding = res.apparent_encoding return res.text else: print(res.status_code) # 獲取頁面總數量 def getNum(text): soup = BeautifulSoup(text, 'lxml') txt = soup.select('.fanye .txt')[0].text # 取出「共**頁」中間的數位 num = re.search(r'd+', txt).group(0) return num # 獲取詳細連結 def getLink(url): text=getHtml(url) soup=BeautifulSoup(text,'lxml') links=soup.select('.title a') for link in links: href=parse.urljoin('https://zz.zu.fang.com/',link['href']) hrefs.append(href) # 解析頁面 def parsePage(url): res=session.get(url) if res.status_code==200: res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'lxml') try: title=soup.select('div .title')[0].text.strip().replace(' ','') price=soup.select('div .trl-item')[0].text.strip() block=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_08')[0].text.strip() building=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_07')[0].text.strip() try: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[2].text.strip() except: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[1].text.strip() detail1=soup.select('.clearfix')[4].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail2=soup.select('.clearfix')[5].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail=detail1+detail2 name=soup.select('.zf_jjname')[0].text.strip() buserid=re.search('buserid: '(d+)'',res.text).group(1) phone=getPhone(buserid) print(title,price,block,building,address,detail,name,phone) house = (title, price, block, building, address, detail, name, phone) info.append(house) except: pass else: print(re.status_code,re.text) # 獲取代理人號碼 def getPhone(buserid): url='https://zz.zu.fang.com/RentDetails/Ajax/GetAgentVirtualMobile.aspx' data['agentbid']=buserid res=session.post(url,data=data) if res.status_code==200: return res.text else: print(res.status_code) return if __name__ == '__main__': start_time=time.time() hrefs=[] info=[] init_url = 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/' num=getNum(getHtml(init_url)) with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as t: for i in range(0,num): url = f'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/i3{i+1}/' t.submit(getLink,url) print("共獲取%d個連結"%len(hrefs)) print(hrefs) with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=30) as t: for href in hrefs: t.submit(parsePage,href) print("共獲取%d條資料"%len(info)) print("耗時{}".format(time.time()-start_time)) session.close()
# 用session取代requests # 解析庫使用bs4 # 並行庫使用concurrent import requests # from lxml import etree # 使用xpath解析 from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor from urllib import parse import re import time import asyncio headers = { 'referer': 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36', 'cookie': 'global_cookie=ffzvt3kztwck05jm6twso2wjw18kl67hqft; integratecover=1; city=zz; keyWord_recenthousezz=%5b%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e6%96%b0%e5%af%86%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a014868%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%2c%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e4%ba%8c%e4%b8%83%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a014864%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%2c%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e9%83%91%e4%b8%9c%e6%96%b0%e5%8c%ba%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a0842%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%5d; __utma=147393320.427795962.1613371106.1613558547.1613575774.5; __utmc=147393320; __utmz=147393320.1613575774.5.4.utmcsr=zz.fang.com|utmccn=(referral)|utmcmd=referral|utmcct=/; ASP.NET_SessionId=vhrhxr1tdatcc1xyoxwybuwv; g_sourcepage=zf_fy%5Elb_pc; Captcha=4937566532507336644D6557347143746B5A6A6B4A7A48445A422F2F6A51746C67516F31357446573052634562725162316152533247514250736F72775566574A2B33514357304B6976343D; __utmt_t0=1; __utmt_t1=1; __utmt_t2=1; __utmb=147393320.9.10.1613575774; unique_cookie=U_0l0d1ilf1t0ci2rozai9qi24k1pkl9lcmrs*4' } data={ 'agentbid':'' } session = requests.session() session.headers = headers # 獲取頁面 def getHtml(url): res = session.get(url) if res.status_code==200: res.encoding = res.apparent_encoding return res.text else: print(res.status_code) # 獲取頁面總數量 def getNum(text): soup = BeautifulSoup(text, 'lxml') txt = soup.select('.fanye .txt')[0].text # 取出「共**頁」中間的數位 num = re.search(r'd+', txt).group(0) return num # 獲取詳細連結 def getLink(url): text=getHtml(url) soup=BeautifulSoup(text,'lxml') links=soup.select('.title a') for link in links: href=parse.urljoin('https://zz.zu.fang.com/',link['href']) hrefs.append(href) # 解析頁面 def parsePage(url): res=session.get(url) if res.status_code==200: res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'lxml') try: title=soup.select('div .title')[0].text.strip().replace(' ','') price=soup.select('div .trl-item')[0].text.strip() block=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_08')[0].text.strip() building=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_07')[0].text.strip() try: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[2].text.strip() except: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[1].text.strip() detail1=soup.select('.clearfix')[4].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail2=soup.select('.clearfix')[5].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail=detail1+detail2 name=soup.select('.zf_jjname')[0].text.strip() buserid=re.search('buserid: '(d+)'',res.text).group(1) phone=getPhone(buserid) print(title,price,block,building,address,detail,name,phone) house = (title, price, block, building, address, detail, name, phone) info.append(house) except: pass else: print(re.status_code,re.text) # 獲取代理人號碼 def getPhone(buserid): url='https://zz.zu.fang.com/RentDetails/Ajax/GetAgentVirtualMobile.aspx' data['agentbid']=buserid res=session.post(url,data=data) if res.status_code==200: return res.text else: print(res.status_code) return # 獲取詳細連結的執行緒池 async def Pool1(num): loop=asyncio.get_event_loop() task=[] with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as t: for i in range(0,num): url = f'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/i3{i+1}/' task.append(loop.run_in_executor(t,getLink,url)) # 解析頁面的執行緒池 async def Pool2(hrefs): loop=asyncio.get_event_loop() task=[] with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=30) as t: for href in hrefs: task.append(loop.run_in_executor(t,parsePage,href)) if __name__ == '__main__': start_time=time.time() hrefs=[] info=[] task=[] init_url = 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/' num=getNum(getHtml(init_url)) loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() loop.run_until_complete(Pool1(num)) print("共獲取%d個連結"%len(hrefs)) print(hrefs) loop.run_until_complete(Pool2(hrefs)) loop.close() print("共獲取%d條資料"%len(info)) print("耗時{}".format(time.time()-start_time)) session.close()
from sqlalchemy import create_engine from sqlalchemy import String, Integer, Column, Text from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker from sqlalchemy.orm import scoped_session # 多執行緒爬蟲時避免出現執行緒安全問題 from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base BASE = declarative_base() # 範例化 engine = create_engine( "mysql+pymysql://root:root@127.0.0.1:3306/pytest?charset=utf8", max_overflow=300, # 超出連線池大小最多可以建立的連線 pool_size=100, # 連線池大小 echo=False, # 不顯示偵錯資訊 ) class House(BASE): __tablename__ = 'house' id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True) title=Column(String(200)) price=Column(String(200)) block=Column(String(200)) building=Column(String(200)) address=Column(String(200)) detail=Column(Text()) name=Column(String(20)) phone=Column(String(20)) BASE.metadata.create_all(engine) Session = sessionmaker(engine) sess = scoped_session(Session)
# 用session取代requests # 解析庫使用bs4 # 並行庫使用concurrent import requests from bs4 import BeautifulSoup from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor from urllib import parse from mysqldb import sess, House import re import time import asyncio headers = { 'referer': 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/', 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36', 'cookie': 'global_cookie=ffzvt3kztwck05jm6twso2wjw18kl67hqft; integratecover=1; city=zz; __utmc=147393320; ASP.NET_SessionId=vhrhxr1tdatcc1xyoxwybuwv; __utma=147393320.427795962.1613371106.1613575774.1613580597.6; __utmz=147393320.1613580597.6.5.utmcsr=zz.fang.com|utmccn=(referral)|utmcmd=referral|utmcct=/; __utmt_t0=1; __utmt_t1=1; __utmt_t2=1; Rent_StatLog=c158b2a7-4622-45a9-9e69-dcf6f42cf577; keyWord_recenthousezz=%5b%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e4%ba%8c%e4%b8%83%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a014864%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%2c%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e9%83%91%e4%b8%9c%e6%96%b0%e5%8c%ba%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a0842%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%2c%7b%22name%22%3a%22%e7%bb%8f%e5%bc%80%22%2c%22detailName%22%3a%22%22%2c%22url%22%3a%22%2fhouse-a014871%2f%22%2c%22sort%22%3a1%7d%5d; g_sourcepage=zf_fy%5Elb_pc; Captcha=6B65716A41454739794D666864397178613772676C75447A4E746C657144775A347A6D42554F446532357649643062344F6976756E563450554E59594B7833712B413579506C4B684958343D; unique_cookie=U_0l0d1ilf1t0ci2rozai9qi24k1pkl9lcmrs*14; __utmb=147393320.21.10.1613580597' } data={ 'agentbid':'' } session = requests.session() session.headers = headers # 獲取頁面 def getHtml(url): res = session.get(url) if res.status_code==200: res.encoding = res.apparent_encoding return res.text else: print(res.status_code) # 獲取頁面總數量 def getNum(text): soup = BeautifulSoup(text, 'lxml') txt = soup.select('.fanye .txt')[0].text # 取出「共**頁」中間的數位 num = re.search(r'd+', txt).group(0) return num # 獲取詳細連結 def getLink(url): text=getHtml(url) soup=BeautifulSoup(text,'lxml') links=soup.select('.title a') for link in links: href=parse.urljoin('https://zz.zu.fang.com/',link['href']) hrefs.append(href) # 解析頁面 def parsePage(url): res=session.get(url) if res.status_code==200: res.encoding=res.apparent_encoding soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'lxml') try: title=soup.select('div .title')[0].text.strip().replace(' ','') price=soup.select('div .trl-item')[0].text.strip() block=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_08')[0].text.strip() building=soup.select('.rcont #agantzfxq_C02_07')[0].text.strip() try: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[2].text.strip() except: address=soup.select('.trl-item2 .rcont')[1].text.strip() detail1=soup.select('.clearfix')[4].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail2=soup.select('.clearfix')[5].text.strip().replace('nnn',',').replace('n','') detail=detail1+detail2 name=soup.select('.zf_jjname')[0].text.strip() buserid=re.search('buserid: '(d+)'',res.text).group(1) phone=getPhone(buserid) print(title,price,block,building,address,detail,name,phone) house = (title, price, block, building, address, detail, name, phone) info.append(house) try: house_data=House( title=title, price=price, block=block, building=building, address=address, detail=detail, name=name, phone=phone ) sess.add(house_data) sess.commit() except Exception as e: print(e) # 列印錯誤資訊 sess.rollback() # 回滾 except: pass else: print(re.status_code,re.text) # 獲取代理人號碼 def getPhone(buserid): url='https://zz.zu.fang.com/RentDetails/Ajax/GetAgentVirtualMobile.aspx' data['agentbid']=buserid res=session.post(url,data=data) if res.status_code==200: return res.text else: print(res.status_code) return # 獲取詳細連結的執行緒池 async def Pool1(num): loop=asyncio.get_event_loop() task=[] with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=5) as t: for i in range(0,num): url = f'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/i3{i+1}/' task.append(loop.run_in_executor(t,getLink,url)) # 解析頁面的執行緒池 async def Pool2(hrefs): loop=asyncio.get_event_loop() task=[] with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=30) as t: for href in hrefs: task.append(loop.run_in_executor(t,parsePage,href)) if __name__ == '__main__': start_time=time.time() hrefs=[] info=[] task=[] init_url = 'https://zz.zu.fang.com/house/' num=getNum(getHtml(init_url)) loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() loop.run_until_complete(Pool1(num)) print("共獲取%d個連結"%len(hrefs)) print(hrefs) loop.run_until_complete(Pool2(hrefs)) loop.close() print("共獲取%d條資料"%len(info)) print("耗時{}".format(time.time()-start_time)) session.close()
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目前应用IPFS的机构:1 谷歌<em>浏览器</em>支持IPFS分布式协议 2 万维网 (历史档案博物馆)数据库 3 火狐<em>浏览器</em>支持 IPFS分布式协议 4 EOS 等数字货币数据存储 5 美国国会图书馆,历史资料永久保存在 IPFS 6 加
2021-06-01 09:31:24
开拓者的车机是兼容苹果和<em>安卓</em>,虽然我不怎么用,但确实兼顾了我家人的很多需求:副驾的门板还配有解锁开关,有的时候老婆开车,下车的时候偶尔会忘记解锁,我在副驾驶可以自己开门:第二排设计很好,不仅配置了一个很大的
2021-06-01 09:30:48
不仅是<em>安卓</em>手机,苹果手机的降价力度也是前所未有了,iPhone12也“跳水价”了,发布价是6799元,如今已经跌至5308元,降价幅度超过1400元,最新定价确认了。iPhone12是苹果首款5G手机,同时也是全球首款5nm芯片的智能机,它
2021-06-01 09:30:45