SpringBoot整合EasyExcel實現匯入匯出資料

2022-05-14 19:03:03

前言

建立一個普通的maven專案即可

專案目錄結構

1.前端

存放在resources/static 下

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>Document</title>
    <!-- 開發環境版本，包含了有幫助的命令列警告 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2/dist/vue.js"></script>
    <!-- 引入樣式 -->
    <link
      rel="stylesheet"
      href="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css" rel="external nofollow" 
    />
    <!-- 引入元件庫 -->
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/element-ui/lib/index.js"></script>
    <script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="app">
      <div class="app-container">
        <div style="margin-bottom: 10px">
          <el-button
            @click="dialogVisible = true"
            type="primary"
            size="mini"
            icon="el-icon-download"
          >
            匯入Excel
          </el-button>
          <el-dialog
            title="資料字典匯入"
            :visible.sync="dialogVisible"
            width="30%"
          >
            <el-form>
              <el-form-item label="請選擇Excel檔案">
                <el-upload
                  :auto-upload="true"
                  :multiple="false"
                  :limit="1"
                  :on-exceed="fileUploadExceed"
                  :on-success="fileUploadSuccess"
                  :on-error="fileUploadError"
                  :action="importUrl"
                  name="file"
                  accept="application/vnd.ms-excel,application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"
                >
                  <!--accept 只接受某種格式的檔案-->
                  <el-button size="small" type="primary">點選上傳</el-button>
                </el-upload>
              </el-form-item>
            </el-form>
            <div slot="footer" class="dialog-footer">
              <el-button @click="dialogVisible = false">取消</el-button>
            </div>
          </el-dialog>

          <!-- 匯出 -->
          <el-button
            @click="exportData"
            type="primary"
            size="mini"
            icon="el-icon-upload2"
          >
            匯出Excel
          </el-button>

          <!-- 資料展示 -->
          <el-table :data="list" stripe style="width: 100%">
            <el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="180">
            </el-table-column>
            <el-table-column prop="birthday" label="生日" width="180">
            </el-table-column>
            <el-table-column prop="salary" label="薪資"> </el-table-column>
          </el-table>
          <div>
            <el-pagination
              @size-change="handleSizeChange"
              @current-change="handleCurrentChange"
              :current-page="pageNum"
              :page-sizes="[2, 5, 10,  20]"
              :page-size="pageSize"
              background
              layout="total, sizes, prev, pager, next, jumper"
              :total="total"
            >
            </el-pagination>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </body>
  <script>
    new Vue({
      el: '#app',
      data() {
        return {
          dialogVisible: false, //檔案上傳對話方塊是否顯示
          list: [], // 字典的資料
          importUrl: 'http://localhost:8811/api/excel/import',
          pageNum: 1, // 頁數
          pageSize: 5, // 每頁條數
          total: 1000,
        }
      },
      created() {
        this.showList()
      },
      methods: {
        showList() {
          //使用自定義設定
          const request = axios.create({
            baseURL: 'http://localhost:8811', //url字首
            timeout: 1000, //超時時間
            // headers: { token: 'helen123456' }, //攜帶令牌
          })
          request
            .get('/api/excel/list', {
              params: {
                pageNum: this.pageNum,
                pageSize: this.pageSize,
              },
            })
            .then((res) => {
              this.total = res.data.size
              this.list = res.data.list
              console.log(res)
            })
        },
        // 上傳多於一個檔案時
        fileUploadExceed() {
          this.$message.warning('只能選取一個檔案')
        },
		// 匯出
        exportData() {
          window.location.href = 'http://localhost:8811/api/excel/export'
        },

        //上傳成功回撥
        fileUploadSuccess(response) {
          if (response.code === 0) {
            this.$message.success('資料匯入成功')
            this.dialogVisible = false
          } else {
            this.$message.error(response.message)
          }
        },

        //上傳失敗回撥
        fileUploadError(error) {
          this.$message.error('資料匯入失敗')
        },
        /**
         * 使用者所選擇當前頁面展示的資料條數
         */
        handleSizeChange(val) {
          console.log(`每頁 ${val} 條`)
          this.pageSize = val
          this.showList()
        },
        handleCurrentChange(val) {
          console.log(`當前頁: ${val}`)
          this.pageNum = val
          this.showList()
        },
      },
    })
  </script>
</html>

2.資料庫

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
  `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '生日',
  `salary` decimal(10,4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '薪資'
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

3.後端

3.1 contrller

StudentController

@Slf4j
@RestController
@CrossOrigin
@RequestMapping("/api/excel/")
public class StudentController {

    @Resource
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @GetMapping("list")
    public HashMap<String, Object> list(@RequestParam int pageNum,@RequestParam int pageSize){
        // 分頁查詢
        Page<Student> page = new Page<>(pageNum, pageSize);
        studentMapper.selectPage(page,null);
        
        // 封裝資料
        HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        ArrayList<ExcelStudentDTO> excelDictDTOList = new ArrayList<>();
        // 轉換資料
        page.getRecords().forEach(student -> {
            ExcelStudentDTO studentDTO = new ExcelStudentDTO();
            BeanUtils.copyProperties(student,studentDTO);
            excelDictDTOList.add(studentDTO);
        });
        
        map.put("list",excelDictDTOList);
        map.put("size",page.getTotal());
        return map;
    }

    /**
     * 匯入
     * @param file 檔案物件
     */
    @RequestMapping("import")
    @Transactional(rollbackFor = {Exception.class})
    public String importData( @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file){
        try {
            // 讀取檔案流
            EasyExcel.read
                    (file.getInputStream(),// 前端上傳的檔案
                            ExcelStudentDTO.class,// 跟excel對應的實體類
                            new ExcelDictDTOListener(studentMapper))// 監聽器 
                    .excelType(ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX)// excel的型別
                    .sheet("模板").doRead();
            log.info("importData finished");
        } catch (IOException e) {
           log.info("失敗");
           e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "上傳成功";
    }

    /**
     * 匯入
     */
    @GetMapping("export")
    public String exportData(HttpServletResponse response){

        try {
            // 設定響應體內容
            response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
            response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

            // 這裡URLEncoder.encode可以防止中文亂碼 當然和easyexcel沒有關係
            String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("myStu", "UTF-8").replaceAll("\+", "%20");
            response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment;filename*=utf-8''" + fileName + ".xlsx");
            EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream()
                    ,ExcelStudentDTO.class).sheet().doWrite(studentMapper.selectList(null));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "上傳成功";
    }

}

3.2 mapper

StudentMapper

@Mapper
public interface StudentMapper extends BaseMapper<Student> {
    void insertBatch(List<ExcelStudentDTO> list);
}

StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="look.word.mapper.StudentMapper">
  <insert id="insertBatch" >
    insert into student(name, birthday, salary)
    values
    <foreach collection="list"   item="item" separator=",">
               (
        #{item.name} ,
        #{item.birthday} ,
        #{item.salary} 
        )
    </foreach>
  </insert>
</mapper>

3.3 bean

ExcelStudentDTO

匯入資料時要保證excel中列名和ExcelStudentDTO一致奧

/**
 * excel對應的實體類
 * @author jiejie
 */
@Data
public class ExcelStudentDTO {
	// excel中的列名
    @ExcelProperty("姓名")
    private String name;

    @ExcelProperty("生日")
    private Date birthday;

    @ExcelProperty("薪資")
    private BigDecimal salary;
}

Student

/**
 * 資料庫對應的實體類
 * @author jiejie
 */
@Data
@TableName(value = "student")
public class Student {
    /**
     * 姓名
     */
    @TableField(value = "name")
    private String name;

    /**
     * 生日
     */
    @TableField(value = "birthday")
    private Date birthday;

    /**
     * 薪資
     */
    @TableField(value = "salary")
    private BigDecimal salary;

    public static final String COL_NAME = "name";

    public static final String COL_BIRTHDAY = "birthday";

    public static final String COL_SALARY = "salary";
}

3.4 listener

官方檔案

EasyExcel讀取檔案需要用到

ExcelDictDTOListener

/**
 * 監聽
 * 再讀取資料的同時 對資料進行插入操作
 * @author : look-word
 * @date : 2022-05-10 21:35
 **/
@Slf4j
//@AllArgsConstructor //全參
@NoArgsConstructor //無參
public class ExcelDictDTOListener extends AnalysisEventListener<ExcelStudentDTO> {


    /**
     * 每隔5條儲存資料庫，實際使用中可以3000條，然後清理list ，方便記憶體回收
     */
    private static final int BATCH_COUNT = 5;
    List<ExcelStudentDTO> list = new ArrayList<ExcelStudentDTO>();

    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    //傳入mapper物件
    public ExcelDictDTOListener(StudentMapper studentMapper) {
        this.studentMapper = studentMapper;
    }

    /**
     *遍歷每一行的記錄
     * @param data
     * @param context
     */
    @Override
    public void invoke(ExcelStudentDTO data, AnalysisContext context) {
        log.info("解析到一條記錄: {}", data);
        list.add(data);
        // 達到BATCH_COUNT了，需要去儲存一次資料庫，防止資料幾萬條資料在記憶體，容易OOM
        if (list.size() >= BATCH_COUNT) {
            saveData();
            // 儲存完成清理 list
            list.clear();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 所有資料解析完成了 都會來呼叫
     */
    @Override
    public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext context) {
        // 這裡也要儲存資料，確保最後遺留的資料也儲存到資料庫
        saveData();
        log.info("所有資料解析完成！");
    }

    /**
     * 加上儲存資料庫
     */
    private void saveData() {
        log.info("{}條資料，開始儲存資料庫！", list.size());
        studentMapper.insertBatch(list);  //批次插入
        log.info("儲存資料庫成功！");
    }
}

3.5 config

mybatisPlus分頁外掛

MybatisPlusConfig

@Configuration
public class MybatisPlusConfig {

    /**
     * 新的分頁外掛,一緩和二緩遵循mybatis的規則,
     * 需要設定 MybatisConfiguration#useDeprecatedExecutor = false
     * 避免快取出現問題(該屬性會在舊外掛移除後一同移除)
     */
    @Bean
    public MybatisPlusInterceptor mybatisPlusInterceptor() {
        MybatisPlusInterceptor interceptor = new MybatisPlusInterceptor();
        PaginationInnerInterceptor paginationInnerInterceptor = new PaginationInnerInterceptor();
        paginationInnerInterceptor.setDbType(DbType.MYSQL);
        paginationInnerInterceptor.setOverflow(true);
        interceptor.addInnerInterceptor(paginationInnerInterceptor);
        return interceptor;
    }

    @Bean
    public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer() {
        return configuration -> configuration.setUseDeprecatedExecutor(false);
    }
}

3.6 組態檔

application.yaml

server:
  port: 8811
spring:
  datasource: # mysql資料庫連線
    type: com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/2022_source_springboot?serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&characterEncoding=utf-8
    username: root
    password: 317311
mybatis-plus:
  configuration:# sql紀錄檔
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl
  mapper-locations:
    - classpath:mapper/*.xml