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Python Flask 上傳檔案測試範例

2022-07-15 10:01:59

 Flask file upload程式碼

import os
from flask import Flask, request, redirect, url_for, send_from_directory
from werkzeug.utils import secure_filename
UPLOAD_FOLDER = '/tmp/flask-upload-test/'
ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS = set(['txt', 'pdf', 'png', 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'gif'])
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'] = UPLOAD_FOLDER
def allowed_file(filename):
    return '.' in filename and 
           filename.rsplit('.', 1)[1] in ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS
@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def upload_file():
    if request.method == 'POST':
        # check if the post request has the file part
        if 'file' not in request.files:
            print 'no file'
            return redirect(request.url)
        file = request.files['file']
        # if user does not select file, browser also
        # submit a empty part without filename
        if file.filename == '':
            print 'no filename'
            return redirect(request.url)
        if file and allowed_file(file.filename):
            filename = secure_filename(file.filename)
            file.save(os.path.join(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'], filename))
            return redirect(url_for('uploaded_file',
                                    filename=filename))
    return '''
    <!doctype html>
    <title>Upload new File</title>
    <h1>Upload new File</h1>
    <form action="" method=post enctype=multipart/form-data>
      <p><input type=file name=file>
         <input type=submit value=Upload>
    </form>
    '''
@app.route('/uploads/<filename>')
def uploaded_file(filename):
    return send_from_directory(app.config['UPLOAD_FOLDER'],
                               filename)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(debug=True)

上傳測試

$ curl -F 'file=@"foo.png";filename="bar.png"' 127.0.0.1:5000

注意:使用上傳檔案功能的時候使用 POST form-data,引數名就是引數名(一般會提前約定好,而不是變化的檔名),引數的值是一個檔案(這個檔案正常是有檔名的)。

上傳臨時檔案

有時候指令碼生成了要上傳的檔案,但並沒有留在原生的需求,所以使用臨時檔案的方式,生成成功了就直接上傳。

使用 tempfile

tempfile 會在系統的臨時目錄中建立檔案,使用完了之後會自動刪除。

import requests
import tempfile
url = 'http://127.0.0.1:5000'
temp = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w+', suffix='.txt')
try:
    temp.write('Hello Temp!')
    temp.seek(0)
    files = {'file': temp}
    r = requests.post(url, files=files, proxies=proxies)
finally:
    # Automatically cleans up the file
    temp.close()

使用 StringIO

或者直接使用 StringIO,可以直接在記憶體中完成整個過程。

import requests
from StringIO import StringIO
url = 'http://127.0.0.1:5000'
temp = StringIO()
temp.write('Hello Temp!')
temp.seek(0)
temp.name = 'hello-temp.txt'    # StringIO 的範例沒有檔名,需要自己手動設定,不設定 POST 過去那邊的檔名會是 'file'
files = {'file': temp}
r = requests.post(url, files=files)

其他

補上發現的一段可以上傳多個同名附件的程式碼:

files = [
    ("attachments", (display_filename_1, open(filename1, 'rb'),'application/octet-stream')),
    ("attachments", (display_filename_2, open(filename2, 'rb'),'application/octet-stream'))
]
r = requests.post(url, files=files, data=params)

參考

10.6. tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories — Python 2.7.12 documentation

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