利用Matlab繪製優美的k線圖

2022-10-10 14:01:22

本期又是一個花裡胡哨的資料視覺化，前兩天刷到了耐克的視覺設計師Gladys Orteza繪製的k線圖作品，把沉悶的股票圖變成了精彩的風景，但是那些大部分是真的完全看不清，我這裡挑選了幾個能看清的k線圖風格將其用MATLAB進行了實現。

效果

程式碼

程式碼中使用的資料

SimulatedStock.mat

是MATLAB自帶的範例資料，因此不需要下載，不過要繪製k線圖，仍需安裝Financial Toolbox工具箱。

效果一極光

% @author : slandarer
% gzh  : slandarer隨筆

load SimulatedStock.mat;
Data=TMW(end-200:end-50,:);
CHdl=candle(Data,'b');
title('Candlestick chart for TMW')


% 座標區域基礎修飾 =========================================================
fig=gcf;
set(fig,'Units','normalized','Position',[.1,.1,.7,.6])
ax=gca;hold on;axis tight
YLim=ax.YLim;
ax.YLim=ax.YLim+[-1.5,1].*diff(YLim);
YLim=ax.YLim;
XLim=ax.XLim;
ax.PlotBoxAspectRatio=[2,1,1];
ax.Color=[0,0,0];
maxY=YLim(1)+diff(YLim)*1.5/3.5;
minY=YLim(1)+diff(YLim)/4.5;

% 繪製背景 =================================================================
matSize=[300,300];
colorList=[1,1,2;16,20,49;33,42,101;37,64,119;24,99,104;24,99,104;12,148,86;1,1,2;1,1,2]./255;
YList=((0:(matSize(2)-1))./(matSize(2)-1))';
XList=ones(1,matSize(1));
% 線性插值
colorMat(:,:,1)=interp1(linspace(0,1,size(colorList,1)),colorList(:,1),YList)*XList;
colorMat(:,:,2)=interp1(linspace(0,1,size(colorList,1)),colorList(:,2),YList)*XList;
colorMat(:,:,3)=interp1(linspace(0,1,size(colorList,1)),colorList(:,3),YList)*XList;
[XMesh,YMesh]=meshgrid(linspace(XLim(1),XLim(2),300),linspace(YLim(2),YLim(1),300));
surf(XMesh,YMesh,zeros(size(XMesh)),colorMat,'EdgeColor','none');

matSize=[300,300];
colorList=[26,110,106;26,110,106;35,72,118;33,40,95;16,22,56;1,1,1;1,1,1]./255;
YList=((0:(matSize(2)-1))./(matSize(2)-1))';
XList=ones(1,matSize(1));
% 線性插值
colorMat(:,:,1)=interp1(linspace(0,1,size(colorList,1)),colorList(:,1),YList)*XList;
colorMat(:,:,2)=interp1(linspace(0,1,size(colorList,1)),colorList(:,2),YList)*XList;
colorMat(:,:,3)=interp1(linspace(0,1,size(colorList,1)),colorList(:,3),YList)*XList;
[XMesh,YMesh]=meshgrid(linspace(XLim(1),XLim(2),300),linspace(minY+(maxY-minY)/10,YLim(1),300));
surf(XMesh,YMesh,zeros(size(XMesh)),colorMat,'EdgeColor','none','FaceAlpha',.5);

% 繪製星星 =================================================================
Xs=diff(XLim).*rand([20,1])+XLim(1);
Ys=(YLim(2)-maxY).*rand([20,1])+maxY;
scatter(Xs,Ys,3,'filled','CData',[.8,.8,.8]);
Xs=diff(XLim).*rand([20,1])+XLim(1);
Ys=(YLim(2)-maxY).*rand([20,1])+maxY;
scatter(Xs,Ys,5,'filled','CData',[.6,.6,.6]);

% 修改蠟燭圖配色 ===========================================================
rColor=[242,218,128]./255;
gColor=[9,28,48]./255; 

% 獲取豎直線資料
LineHdl=CHdl(1);
LineDataX=reshape(LineHdl.XData,3,[]);
LineDataY=reshape(LineHdl.YData,3,[]);
fill([LineDataX(1,1),LineDataX(1,:),LineDataX(1,end)],...
    [minY,LineDataY(1,:),minY],[10,28,48]./270);

for i=2:length(CHdl)
    if CHdl(i).FaceColor(1)==1
        plot(LineDataX(:,i-1),LineDataY(:,i-1),'Color',rColor)
        fill(CHdl(i).XData,CHdl(i).YData,rColor,'EdgeColor',rColor)
    else
        plot(LineDataX(:,i-1),LineDataY(:,i-1),'Color',gColor)
        fill(CHdl(i).XData,CHdl(i).YData,gColor,'EdgeColor',gColor)
    end
end 
delete(LineHdl);

% 繪製柱狀圖 ===============================================================
YData=Data.Close-Data.Open;
absYData=abs(YData);
absYData1=absYData./(max(absYData)-min(absYData)).*(maxY-minY)+minY;
absYData2=-absYData./(max(absYData)-min(absYData)).*(maxY-minY)+minY;
fill([LineDataX(1,1),LineDataX(1,:),LineDataX(1,end)],...
    [YLim(1)+diff(YLim)/4.5,absYData1(:).',YLim(1)+diff(YLim)/4.5],[.01,.01,.01]);
disp(char([64 97 117 116 104 111 114 32 58 32 115 108 97 110 100 97 114 101 114]))
bar(Data.Time(YData>0),absYData1(YData>0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[29,170,112]./255);
bar(Data.Time(YData<0),absYData1(YData<0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[23,105,103]./255);
bar(Data.Time(YData>0),absYData2(YData>0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[29,170,112]./255,'FaceAlpha',.6);
bar(Data.Time(YData<0),absYData2(YData<0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[23,105,103]./255,'FaceAlpha',.6);
xq=linspace(XLim(1),XLim(2),15);
yq=interp1(LineDataX(1,:),absYData1,xq,'spline');
scatter(xq,yq,15,'filled','CData',[128,169,90]./255)

效果二暖調

% @author : slandarer
% gzh  : slandarer隨筆

load SimulatedStock.mat;
Data=TMW(end-200:end-50,:);
CHdl=candle(Data,'b');
title('Candlestick chart for TMW')


% 座標區域基礎修飾 =========================================================
fig=gcf;
set(fig,'Units','normalized','Position',[.1,.1,.7,.6])
ax=gca;hold on;axis tight;grid off
YLim=ax.YLim;
ax.YLim=ax.YLim+[-3,1].*diff(YLim);
YLim=ax.YLim;
XLim=ax.XLim;
ax.PlotBoxAspectRatio=[2,1,1];
ax.Color=[249,222,203]./255;
ax.TickLength=[0,0];
maxY=YLim(1)+diff(YLim)*3/5;
minY=YLim(1)+diff(YLim)*2/5;



% 修改蠟燭圖配色 ===========================================================
rColor=[133,168,142]./255;
gColor=[9,28,48]./255; 

% 獲取豎直線資料
LineHdl=CHdl(1);
LineDataX=reshape(LineHdl.XData,3,[]);
ax.XLim=[LineDataX(1,1),LineDataX(1,end)];
LineDataY=reshape(LineHdl.YData,3,[]);
scatter(XLim(1)+diff(XLim)/6,YLim(2)-diff(YLim)/8,500,'filled','CData',[254,247,241]./255)
fill([LineDataX(1,1)-1,LineDataX(1,1)-1,LineDataX(1,:),LineDataX(1,end)+1,LineDataX(1,end)+1],...
    [minY,LineDataY(1,1),LineDataY(1,:),LineDataY(1,end),minY],[173,198,169]./270,'EdgeColor','none');

for i=2:length(CHdl)
    if CHdl(i).FaceColor(1)==1
        plot(LineDataX(:,i-1),LineDataY(:,i-1),'Color',rColor)
        fill(CHdl(i).XData,CHdl(i).YData,rColor,'EdgeColor',rColor)
    else
        plot(LineDataX(:,i-1),LineDataY(:,i-1),'Color',gColor)
        fill(CHdl(i).XData,CHdl(i).YData,gColor,'EdgeColor',gColor)
    end
end 
delete(LineHdl);
fill([XLim(1)-1,XLim(2)+1,XLim(2)+1,XLim(1)-1],[YLim(1),YLim(1),minY,minY],[134,168,152]./255,'EdgeColor','none')


% 繪製柱狀圖 ===============================================================
YData=Data.Close-Data.Open;
absYData=abs(YData);
absYData1=absYData./(max(absYData)-min(absYData)).*(maxY-minY)+minY;
absYData2=-absYData./(max(absYData)-min(absYData)).*(maxY-minY)+minY;
disp(char([64 97 117 116 104 111 114 32 58 32 115 108 97 110 100 97 114 101 114]))
bar(Data.Time(YData>0),absYData1(YData>0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[140,141,127]./255,'BarWidth',1);
bar(Data.Time(YData<0),absYData1(YData<0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[76,79,60]./255,'BarWidth',1);


% 繪製下方山脈 =============================================================
layerBEPos=linspace(minY,YLim(1),6)';layerBEPos([1,end])=[];
layerColor=[107,144,136;97,103,103;57,82,86;14,23,22]./255;
disp(char([64 97 117 116 104 111 114 32 58 32 115 108 97 110 100 97 114 101 114]))
excursion=diff(YLim)/30;
interval=diff(YLim)/50;

pieceNum=30;
layerPos=zeros(size(layerBEPos,1),pieceNum);
layerPos(:,1)=layerBEPos(:,1);
layerPos=[ones(1,pieceNum).*minY;layerPos];

minX=LineDataX(1,1)-1;
maxX=LineDataX(1,end)+1;

for i=2:size(layerBEPos,1)+1
    k=2;
    for j=1:pieceNum-1
        tempRandi=excursion*2*rand(1)-excursion;
        yPos=tempRandi+layerPos(i,k-1);
        if i>1&&yPos>=layerPos(i-1,k)-diff(YLim)/100
            yPos=layerPos(i-1,k)-interval;
        end
        yPos(yPos<YLim(1))=YLim(1);
        layerPos(i,k)=yPos;
        k=k+1;
    end   
end
for i=2:size(layerBEPos,1)+1
    XData=linspace(minX,maxX,pieceNum);
    YData=layerPos(i,:);
    Yq=interp1(XData,YData,linspace(minX,maxX,200),'spline');
    Xq=[minX,linspace(minX,maxX,200),maxX];
    Yq=[YLim(1),Yq,YLim(1)];
    fill(Xq,Yq,layerColor(i-1,:),'EdgeColor','none')
end

效果三黑白

% @author : slandarer
% gzh  : slandarer隨筆

load SimulatedStock.mat;
Data=TMW(end-200:end-50,:);
CHdl=candle(Data,'b');
title('Candlestick chart for TMW')


% 座標區域基礎修飾 =========================================================
fig=gcf;
set(fig,'Units','normalized','Position',[.1,.1,.6,.8])
ax=gca;hold on;axis tight;grid off
YLim=ax.YLim;
ax.YLim=ax.YLim+[-3,6].*diff(YLim);
YLim=ax.YLim;
XLim=ax.XLim;
ax.PlotBoxAspectRatio=[1,1,1];
ax.Color=[0,0,0]./255;
ax.TickLength=[0,0];
maxY=YLim(1)+diff(YLim)*2.5/10;
minY=YLim(1)+diff(YLim)*1.5/10;

% 繪製星星 =================================================================
Xs=diff(XLim).*rand([50,1])+XLim(1);
Ys=(YLim(2)-maxY).*rand([50,1])+maxY;
scatter(Xs,Ys,3,'filled','CData',[.9,.9,.9]);
Xs=diff(XLim).*rand([50,1])+XLim(1);
Ys=(YLim(2)-maxY).*rand([50,1])+maxY;
scatter(Xs,Ys,5,'filled','CData',[.7,.7,.7]);

% 修改蠟燭圖配色 ===========================================================
rColor=[255,255,255]./255;
gColor=[9,28,48]./255; 
% 獲取豎直線資料
LineHdl=CHdl(1);
LineDataX=reshape(LineHdl.XData,3,[]);
ax.XLim=[LineDataX(1,1),LineDataX(1,end)];
LineDataY=reshape(LineHdl.YData,3,[]);
scatter(XLim(1)+diff(XLim)/6,YLim(2)-diff(YLim)/8,500,'filled','CData',[254,247,241]./255)
fill([XLim(1)-3,XLim(2)+3,XLim(2)+3,XLim(1)-3],[YLim(1),YLim(1),minY,minY],[255,255,255]./255,'EdgeColor','none')
fill([LineDataX(1,1)-3,LineDataX(1,1)-3,LineDataX(1,:),LineDataX(1,end)+3,LineDataX(1,end)+3],...
    [minY,LineDataY(1,1),LineDataY(1,:),LineDataY(1,end),minY],[255,255,255]./270);

for i=2:length(CHdl)
    if CHdl(i).FaceColor(1)==1
        plot(LineDataX(:,i-1),LineDataY(:,i-1),'Color',rColor)
        fill(CHdl(i).XData,CHdl(i).YData,rColor,'EdgeColor',rColor)
    else
        plot(LineDataX(:,i-1),LineDataY(:,i-1),'Color',gColor)
        fill(CHdl(i).XData,CHdl(i).YData,gColor,'EdgeColor',gColor)
    end
end 
delete(LineHdl);

% 繪製柱狀圖 ===============================================================
YData=Data.Close-Data.Open;
absYData=abs(YData);
absYData1=absYData./(max(absYData)-min(absYData)).*(maxY-minY)+minY;
absYData2=-absYData./(max(absYData)-min(absYData)).*(maxY-minY)+minY;
disp(char([64 97 117 116 104 111 114 32 58 32 115 108 97 110 100 97 114 101 114]))
bar(Data.Time(YData>0),absYData1(YData>0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[10,10,10]./255,'BarWidth',1);
bar(Data.Time(YData<0),absYData1(YData<0),'BaseValue',minY,'EdgeColor','none','FaceColor',[76,79,60]./255,'BarWidth',1);


% 繪製下方山脈 =============================================================
layerBEPos=linspace(minY,YLim(1),4)';layerBEPos([1,end])=[];
layerColor=[255,255,255;10,10,10]./255;
disp(char([64 97 117 116 104 111 114 32 58 32 115 108 97 110 100 97 114 101 114]))
excursion=diff(YLim)/40;
interval=diff(YLim)/50;

pieceNum=30;
layerPos=zeros(size(layerBEPos,1),pieceNum);
layerPos(:,1)=layerBEPos(:,1);
layerPos=[ones(1,pieceNum).*minY;layerPos];

minX=LineDataX(1,1)-1;
maxX=LineDataX(1,end)+1;

for i=2:size(layerBEPos,1)+1
    k=2;
    for j=1:pieceNum-1
        tempRandi=excursion*2*rand(1)-excursion;
        yPos=tempRandi+layerPos(i,k-1);
        if i>1&&yPos>=layerPos(i-1,k)-diff(YLim)/100
            yPos=layerPos(i-1,k)-interval;
        end
        yPos(yPos<YLim(1))=YLim(1);
        layerPos(i,k)=yPos;
        k=k+1;
    end   
end
for i=2:size(layerBEPos,1)+1
    XData=linspace(minX,maxX,pieceNum);
    YData=layerPos(i,:);
    Yq=interp1(XData,YData,linspace(minX,maxX,200),'spline');
    Xq=[minX,linspace(minX,maxX,200),maxX];
    Yq=[YLim(1),Yq,YLim(1)];
    fill(Xq,Yq,layerColor(i-1,:),'EdgeColor',[.4,.4,.4],'LineWidth',.8)
end

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