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C#利用FluentFTP實現FTP上傳下載功能詳解

2023-02-24 06:00:17

FTP作為日常工作學習中,非常重要的一個檔案傳輸儲存空間,想必大家都非常的熟悉了,那麼如何快速的實現檔案的上傳下載功能呢,本文以一個簡單的小例子,簡述如何通過FluentFTP實現檔案的上傳和下載功能。僅供學習分享使用,如有不足之處,還請指正。

FTP基礎知識

檔案傳輸協定(File Transfer Protocol,FTP)是用於在網路上進行檔案傳輸的一套標準協定,它工作在 OSI 模型的第七層, TCP 模型的第四層, 即應用層, 使用 TCP 傳輸而不是 UDP, 客戶在和伺服器建立連線前要經過一個“三次握手”的過程, 保證客戶與伺服器之間的連線是可靠的, 而且是面向連線, 為資料傳輸提供可靠保證。FTP允許使用者以檔案操作的方式(如檔案的增、刪、改、查、傳送等)與另一主機相互通訊。然而, 使用者並不真正登入到自己想要存取的計算機上面而成為完全使用者, 可用FTP程式存取遠端資源, 實現使用者往返傳輸檔案、目錄管理以及存取電子郵件等等, 即使雙方計算機可能配有不同的作業系統和檔案儲存方式。

FTP環境搭建

在windows作業系統中,FTP可以通過(Internet Inforamtion Services, IIS)管理器進行建立,建立成功後即可進行檢視,如下所示:

FluentFTP安裝

FluentFTP是一款基於.Net的FTP和FTPS的使用者端動態庫,操作簡單便捷。

首先建立基於.Net Framework 4.6.1的winform應用程式,然後通過Nuget包管理器進行安裝,如下所示:

範例演示

主要實現基於FTP的上傳,下載,瀏覽等功能,如下所示:

進入資料夾及右鍵下載,如下所示:

範例原始碼

FtpHelper類原始碼,封裝了FTP檔案的檢索,上傳,下載等功能,如下所示:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using FluentFTP;

namespace DemoFtp
{
    public class FtpHelper
    {
        #region 屬性與建構函式

        /// <summary>
        /// IP地址
        /// </summary>
        public string IpAddr { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 相對路徑
        /// </summary>
        public string RelatePath { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 埠號
        /// </summary>
        public int Port { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 使用者名稱
        /// </summary>
        public string UserName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 密碼
        /// </summary>
        public string Password { get; set; }

        public FtpHelper()
        {

        }

        public FtpHelper(string ipAddr, int port, string userName, string password, string relatePath)
        {
            this.IpAddr = ipAddr;
            this.Port = port;
            this.UserName = userName;
            this.Password = password;
            this.RelatePath = relatePath;
        }

        #endregion

        #region 方法

        public FtpListItem[] ListDir() {
            FtpListItem[] lists;
            using (var ftpClient = new FtpClient(this.IpAddr, this.UserName, this.Password, this.Port))
            {
                ftpClient.Connect();
                ftpClient.SetWorkingDirectory(this.RelatePath);
                lists = ftpClient.GetListing();
            }
            return lists;
        }

        public void UpLoad(string dir, string file, out bool isOk)
        {
            isOk = false;
            FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(file);
            using (FileStream fs = fi.OpenRead())
            {
                //long length = fs.Length;
                using (var ftpClient = new FtpClient(this.IpAddr, this.UserName, this.Password, this.Port))
                {
                    ftpClient.Connect();
                    ftpClient.SetWorkingDirectory(this.RelatePath);
                    string remotePath = dir + "/" + Path.GetFileName(file);
                    var ftpRemodeExistsMode = file.EndsWith(".txt") ? FtpRemoteExists.Overwrite : FtpRemoteExists.Skip;
                    FtpStatus status = ftpClient.UploadStream(fs, remotePath, ftpRemodeExistsMode, true);
                    isOk = status == FtpStatus.Success;

                }
            }

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 上傳多個檔案
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="files"></param>
        /// <param name="isOk"></param>
        public void UpLoad(string dir, string[] files, out bool isOk)
        {
            isOk = false;
            if (CheckDirIsExists(dir))
            {
                foreach (var file in files)
                {
                    UpLoad(dir, file, out isOk);
                }
            }
        }


        private bool CheckDirIsExists(string dir)
        {
            bool flag = false;
            using (var ftpClient = new FtpClient(this.IpAddr, this.UserName, this.Password, this.Port))
            {
                ftpClient.Connect();
                ftpClient.SetWorkingDirectory(this.RelatePath);
                flag = ftpClient.DirectoryExists(dir);
                if (!flag)
                {
                    flag = ftpClient.CreateDirectory(dir);
                }
            }
            return flag;


        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 下載ftp
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="localAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="remoteAddress"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool DownloadFile(string localAddress, string remoteAddress)
        {
            using (var ftpClient = new FtpClient(this.IpAddr, this.UserName, this.Password, this.Port))
            {
                ftpClient.SetWorkingDirectory("/");
                ftpClient.Connect();
                if (ftpClient.DownloadFile(localAddress, remoteAddress) == FtpStatus.Success)
                {
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

每一個FTP檔案或資料夾,由一個自定義使用者控制元件【PictureBox+Label+ContextMenu】表示,這樣便於處理與顯示:

using DemoFtp.Properties;
using FluentFTP;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace DemoFtp
{
    public partial class FtpElementControl : UserControl
    {
        public Action<FtpListItem> SubFolderClick;

        public Action<FtpListItem> DownLoadClick;

        private FtpListItem ftpListItem;

        public FtpElementControl(FtpListItem ftpListItem)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.ftpListItem = ftpListItem;
        }

        public FtpElementControl()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public void InitControl()
        {
            if (ftpListItem.Type == FtpObjectType.Directory)
            {
                this.pbIcon.Image = Resources.folder.ToBitmap();
            }
            else if (ftpListItem.Type == FtpObjectType.File)
            {
                var name = ftpListItem.Name;
                var ext = Path.GetExtension(name).ToLower().Substring(1);
                if (ext == "png" || ext == "jpeg" || ext == "jpg" || ext == "bmp" || ext == "gif")
                {
                    this.pbIcon.Image = Resources.pictures.ToBitmap();
                }
                else if (ext == "doc" || ext == "docx")
                {
                    this.pbIcon.Image = Resources.doc.ToBitmap();
                }
                else if (ext == "exe")
                {
                    this.pbIcon.Image = Resources.setup.ToBitmap();
                }
                else
                {
                    this.pbIcon.Image = Resources.file;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                this.pbIcon.Image = Resources.file;
            }
            this.lblName.Text = ftpListItem.Name;
        }

        private void FtpElementControl_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 子選單下載功能
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void menu_ItemClicked(object sender, ToolStripItemClickedEventArgs e)
        {
            this.DownLoadClick?.Invoke(ftpListItem);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 雙擊開啟
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void pbIcon_DoubleClick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.SubFolderClick?.Invoke(ftpListItem);
        }
    }
}

主頁面由一系列使用者操作框和按鈕組成,完成對FTP的基本操作,如下所示:

using FluentFTP;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace DemoFtp
{
    public partial class MainForm : Form
    {
        private FtpHelper ftpHelper;

        public MainForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnLogin_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            var url = txtFtpUrl.Text;
            var userName = txtUserName.Text;
            var password = txtPassword.Text;
            var port = txtPort.Text;
            if (this.lblRelatePath.Text != "/")
            {
                this.lblRelatePath.Text = "/";
            }
            var relatePath = this.lblRelatePath.Text;
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(url) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(userName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(password) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(port))
            {
                MessageBox.Show("路徑和賬號密碼不可為空");
                return;
            }
            if (ftpHelper == null)
            {
                ftpHelper = new FtpHelper(url, int.Parse(port), userName, password, relatePath);

            }
            ListDir();
        }

        public void SubFolder(FtpListItem ftpListItem)
        {
            if (ftpListItem.Type == FtpObjectType.Directory)
            {
                var fullName = ftpListItem.FullName;
                ftpHelper.RelatePath = fullName;
                ListDir();
                this.lblRelatePath.Text = fullName;
            }
        }


        private void Download(FtpListItem ftpListItem) {
            var fullName=ftpListItem.FullName;
            var fileName = Path.GetFileName(fullName);
            SaveFileDialog sfd = new SaveFileDialog();
            sfd.FileName = fileName;
            sfd.Title = "不載";
            sfd.Filter = "所有檔案|*.*";
            if (DialogResult.OK == sfd.ShowDialog()) {
                ftpHelper.DownloadFile(sfd.FileName, fullName);
            }
        }

        private void ListDir()
        {
            this.ftpContainer.Controls.Clear();
            var ftpListItems = this.ftpHelper.ListDir();
            if (ftpListItems != null && ftpListItems.Length > 0)
            {
                foreach (var ftpListItem in ftpListItems)
                {
                    FtpElementControl ftpControl = new FtpElementControl(ftpListItem);
                    ftpControl.InitControl();
                    ftpControl.DownLoadClick += Download;
                    ftpControl.SubFolderClick += SubFolder;
                    this.ftpContainer.Controls.Add(ftpControl);
                }
            }
        }

        private void btnUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
            ofd.Filter = "所有檔案|*.*";
            ofd.Title = "請選擇需要上傳的檔案";
            if (DialogResult.OK == ofd.ShowDialog()) {
                var localFile=ofd.FileName;
                ftpHelper.UpLoad(this.lblRelatePath.Text, localFile, out bool isOk);
                if (isOk) {
                    ListDir();
                }
            }
        }

        private void pbReturn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            var relativePath=this.lblRelatePath.Text;
            if (relativePath == "/") {
                return;
            }
            relativePath = relativePath.Substring(0, relativePath.LastIndexOf("/")+1);
            ftpHelper.RelatePath=relativePath;
            ListDir();
            this.lblRelatePath.Text = relativePath;
        }
    }
}

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