Linux的虛擬機器拷貝到另外的作業系統時，NAT方式的靜態IP無效，一直是獲取的DHCP動態地址

一、問題：

1、Linux虛擬機器在A機的虛擬機器中是NAT方式DHCP動態獲取IP，設定了靜態地址，IP地址不會發生變化，但是拷貝到B機上的虛擬機器後，一直獲取的時動態IP地址，無法得到靜態IP。
2、執行/etc/init.d/network restart報錯：
[root@master init.d]#./network restart
正在關閉介面 ens33：錯誤:[/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-eth]裝置具有 MAC 地址00:00:00:00:00:00
00:0C:29:94:8E:A2，而不是設定的地址00:0C:29:8B:9A:F2。忽略。
[失敗]
正在關閉環迴介面：Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
[確定]
正在開啟環回介面：Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
[確定]
正在開啟介面 ens33：錯誤：沒有找到可用於連線'ens33'的裝置。
[失敗]
3、執行 systemctl restart network報錯：
Jobfor network.service failed.See"systemctl status network.service" and "journalctl -xe"for details.
4、執行journalctl -xe報錯：
5月2600:29:28 master /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-eth[1350]:裝置具有 MAC 地址00:00:00:00:00:00
00:0C:29:94:8E:A2，而不是設定的地址00:0C:29:8B:9A:F2。忽略。
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info>(lo): link disconnected
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:29:28 master NetworkManager[709]:<info>(lo): link connected
5月2600:29:29 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:29:29 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:30:39 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:40 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:40 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:41 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:41 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:41 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:41 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:41 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:41 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:42 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:42 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:42 master systemd[1]:Configuration file /usr/lib/systemd/system/tog-pegasus.service is marked world-inaccessible.This has no effect as configuration data is acce
5月2600:30:53 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:30:53 master network[1685]:正在開啟環回介面：Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
5月2600:30:53 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:30:53 master network[1685]:Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
5月2600:30:53 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:30:53 master network[1685]:Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
5月2600:30:53 master NetworkManager[709]:<info> parsing /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo ...
5月2600:30:53 master network[1685]:Could not load file '/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo'
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]:[確定]
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]:正在開啟介面 ens33：錯誤：沒有找到可用於連線'ens33'的裝置。
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]:[失敗]
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master network[1685]: RTNETLINK answers:File exists
5月2600:30:54 master systemd[1]: network.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
5月2600:30:54 master systemd[1]:Failed to start LSB:Bring up/down networking.
--Subject:Unit network.service has failed
--Defined-By: systemd
--Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel
--
--Unit network.service has failed.
--
--The result is failed.
5月2600:30:54 master systemd[1]:Unit network.service entered failed state.
5月2600:30:54 master systemd[1]: network.service failed.
二、解決：

Linux虛擬機器從A拷貝到B後，MAC地址發生改變，但是組態檔中並沒有同步修改，導致此問題。

1、首先執行ifconfig檢視新的MAC地址：
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.130.109 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.130.255
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe94:8ea2 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:94:8e:a2 txqueuelen 1000(Ethernet)
RX packets 550 bytes 48524(47.3KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 604 bytes 94343(92.1KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 0(LocalLoopback)
RX packets 8 bytes 800(800.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 8 bytes 800(800.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
可以看出ens33網絡卡對應的MAC地址為：00:0c:29:94:8e:a2，即ether對應的地址。

2、修改ens33網絡卡對應的MAC地址
vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33
TYPE="Ethernet"
DEFROUTE="yes"
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no"
NAME="ens33"
UUID="707084bc-d3aa-483f-878b-c93e6abf4a07"
ONBOOT="yes"
HWADDR="00:0C:29:8B:9A:F2"
BOOTPROTO="static"
NM_CONTROLLED="yes"
IPADDR="192.168.130.101"
NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
GATEWAY="192.168.130.2"

將HWADDR改為00:0c:29:94:8e:a2即可。

本文永久更新連結地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-05/118058.htm