2021-05-12 14:32:11
Ubuntu修改locale問題解決
本文針對的問題是“Ubuntu 安裝中文語言套件”“Ubuntu Server中文問題”,“Ubuntu更改語言環境”,“Ubuntu locale的設定”,“cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8)”,“Linux中文亂碼”,“Linux字元集的修改”,“Linux亂碼的解決辦法”等問題,提供一站式解決。如果系統顯示中文異常,例如出現顯示中文亂碼等,可以參考本文章。關於CentOS系統的修改辦法,請參考文章末尾的描述。
問題描述
終端顯示中文正常,應用程式裡面顯示中文異常。
錯誤表現
1
|
$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales |
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = "zh_CN:zh:en_US:en",
LC_ALL = "zh_CN.UTF-8",
LANG = "zh_CN.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
/bin/bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8)
Generating locales...
en_US.UTF-8... /usr/sbin/locale-gen: line 177: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8)
up-to-date
Generation complete.
1
|
$ man locale |
man: can't set the locale; make sure $LC_* and $LANG are correct
1
|
$ locale |
locale: Cannot set LC_CTYPE to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_MESSAGES to default locale: No such file or directory
locale: Cannot set LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8
LANGUAGE=zh_CN:zh:en_US:en
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="zh_CN.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
1
|
$ localectl list-locales |
C.UTF-8
en_US.utf8
zh_CN.utf8
問題解決辦法
要想達到應用程式中正常顯示中文字元的目的,要下面的三個變數應該如下,
1
2
3
|
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=zh_CN:zh:en_US:en LC_ALL=LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8 |
但問題在於“LC_ALL to default locale: No such file or directory”和“LC_ALL: cannot change locale (zh_CN.UTF-8) ”,因此重新安裝中文語言套件。
執行下面命令
1
|
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hans |
或
1
|
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hans language-pack-zh-hans-base |
如果想支援繁體字,則執行
1
|
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hant |
或
1
|
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-zh-hant language-pack-zh-hant-base |
再執行locale命令設定當前locale環境
1
|
locale |
相關的檔案和參考
相關手冊:man locale(1), locale(5), locale(7)
相關檔案:/usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED
相關命令:
locale --all-locales 列出當前系統中所有支援的locale
localectl list-locales 列出當前系統中所有可用的locale
localectl set-locales LOCALE... 修改當前系統中的locale,與locale功能相同,與export上文提到的三個變數相同
對於CentOS,可以直接編輯/etc/sysconfig/i18n檔案,將LANG="en_US.UTF-8"設定成LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8",除此之外,CentOS下locale命令的顯示結果如下:
1
|
# locale |
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
LC_CTYPE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NUMERIC="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TIME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_COLLATE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MONETARY="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MESSAGES="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_PAPER="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_NAME="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ADDRESS="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_TELEPHONE="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_MEASUREMENT="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_IDENTIFICATION="en_US.UTF-8"
LC_ALL=
其中,LC_ALL=為空,但並不是表示這裡不對,而是LC_ALL=實際上等於LC_COLLATE、LC_CTYPE、LC_MONETARY、LC_MESSAGES、LC_NUMERIC、LC_TIME,參見locale(7)。
相關文章